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Fermium vs Praseodymium


Praseodymium vs Fermium


Periodic Table

Symbol
Fm   
Pr   

Group Number
Not Available   
Not Available   

Period Number
7   
6   

Block
f block   
f block   

Element Family
Actinide   
Lanthanide   

CAS Number
7440724   
19
7440100   
99+

Space Group Name
Not Available   
P63/mmc   

Space Group Number
Not Available   
194.00   
5

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
  • Fermium is synthetically produced metal.
  
  • Praseodymium metal is synthetically produced metal.
  • Praseodymium is used as possible fuel for radioactive generators.
  

Sources
Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory   
Not Available   

Discovery
In 1952   
In 1885   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
2 * 10-7 %   
22

Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0000001 %   
26

Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
40

Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
27

Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
39

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • The main use of Praseodymium include alloys. Praseodymium –Magnesium alloy is used in aircraft engines due to its high strength.
  • This metal is also used while making a permanent magnets.
  

Industrial Uses
NA   
Chemical Industry   

Medical Uses
NA   
NA   

Other Uses
NA   
Alloys   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Unknown   
Moderately Toxic   

Present in Human Body
No   
No   

In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
Not Available   

In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Not Available   

Physical Properties

Melting Point
1,527.00 °C   
26
935.00 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
Not Available   
3,130.00 °C   
27

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Unknown   
Grayish White   

Luster
Not Defined   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
481.00 MPa   
24

Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
400.00 MPa   
25

Speed of Sound
Not Available   
2,280.00 m/s   
40

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Fm   
Pr   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
18   
21
31   
8

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.30   
32
1.13   
99+

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20   
27
1.07   
32

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.70   
22
2.87   
12

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol   
99+
527.00 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,225.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,020.00 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
2,363.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,086.00 kJ/mol   
99+

4th Energy Level
3,792.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,761.00 kJ/mol   
99+

5th Energy Level
Not Available   
5,551.00 kJ/mol   
29

Electrochemical Equivalent
3.20 g/amp-hr   
13
1.75 g/amp-hr   
40

Electron Work Function
Not Available   
2.70 eV   
99+

Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
100   
18
59   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f12 7s2   
[Xe] 4f3 6s2   

Crystal Structure
Not Known   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   

Crystal Lattice
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Fermium.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Praseodymium.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
100   
18
59   
99+

Number of Neutrons
157   
7
82   
99+

Number of Electrons
100   
18
59   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
Not Available   
182.00 pm   
11

Covalent Radius
Not Available   
203.00 pm   
9

Van der Waals Radius
245.00 pm   
9
239.00 pm   
14

Atomic Weight
257.00 amu   
15
140.91 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
Not Available   
20.80 cm3/mol   
15

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Cerium
  

Next Element
Neodymium
  

Valence Electron Potential
Not Available   
42.64 (-eV)   
99+

Lattice Constant
Not Available   
367.25 pm   
29

Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.61   
4

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
Not Available   
6.77 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
6.50 g/cm3   
39

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
25

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
13.20 (Pa)   
7

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
Not Available   
14.80 GPa   
39

Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
28.80 GPa   
40

Young's Modulus
Not Available   
37.30 GPa   
99+

Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.28   
16

Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
Not Available   
6.77   
99+

Magnetic Ordering
Unknown   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Unknown   
Conductor   

Resistivity
Not Available   
0.70 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+

Electron Affinity
Not Available   
50.00 kJ/mol   
21

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.19 J/(kg K)   
32

Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
27.20 J/mol·K   
18

Thermal Conductivity
Not Available   
12.50 W/m·K   
99+

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
6.70 µm/(m·K)   
99+

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
296.80 kJ/mol   
29

Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
6.89 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
368.00 kJ/mol   
24

Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
73.20 J/mol.K   
10

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