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Fermium vs Strontium

Fermium
Strontium
Strontium vs Fermium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Fm  
Sr  
Group Number
3  
15
2  
16
Period Number
7  
5  
Block
f block  
s block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Alkaline Earth  
CAS Number
7440724  
19
7440246  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
  • Fermium is synthetically produced metal.
  
  • Strontium element is softer than Calcium.
  • Silvery Strontium turns yellow, if exposed to air.
  
Sources
Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
William Cruickshank  
Discovery
In 1952  
In 1787  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
35
0.00 %  
15
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
15
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
15
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.04 %  
10
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
4
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
8
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Strontium metal is used to producing ferrite magnets as well as refining zinc.
  • By-product of nuclear reactors called Strontium-90 is a radioactive isotope; it is absorbed by tissues and destroys bone marrow and cancer growth.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.03 Blood/mg dm-3  
19
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
140.00 p.p.m.  
7
Physical
Melting Point
1,527.00 °C  
26
769.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
1,384.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Silvery White  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
1.50  
19
Brinell Hardness
500.00 MPa  
28
110.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
600.00 MPa  
28
15.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,500.00 m/s  
99+
4,170.00 m/s  
23
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.43  
39
Reflectivity
59.00 %  
24
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Fm  
Sr  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
18  
21
27  
12
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
0.95  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
0.72  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
0.99  
38
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.00  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
0.96  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
3.05  
7
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,225.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,064.20 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,363.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,138.00 kJ/mol  
10
4th Energy Level
3,792.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,500.00 kJ/mol  
22
5th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
39
6,910.00 kJ/mol  
30
6th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,760.00 kJ/mol  
26
7th Energy level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10,230.00 kJ/mol  
19
8th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11,800.00 kJ/mol  
19
9th Energy Level
7,040.00 kJ/mol  
33
15,600.00 kJ/mol  
17
10th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
11th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
31,270.00 kJ/mol  
6
12th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
10
5,490.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
38
5,490.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
27
5,490.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
38
54,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
54,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
40
5,490.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
994.80 kJ/mol  
21
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
549.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
345.00 kJ/mol  
99+
549.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
14
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
38
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
40
549.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
39
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.20 g/amp-hr  
15
1.64 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.47 eV  
21
2.59 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
100  
18
38  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f12 7s2  
[Kr] 5s2  
Crystal Structure
Not Known  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Fermium.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Strontium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
100  
18
38  
99+
Number of Neutrons
157  
8
50  
99+
Number of Electrons
100  
18
38  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm  
16
215.00 pm  
6
Covalent Radius
180.00 pm  
23
195.00 pm  
15
Van der Waals Radius
245.00 pm  
13
249.00 pm  
11
Atomic Weight
257.00 amu  
15
87.62 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
18.00 cm3/mol  
99+
33.70 cm3/mol  
9
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Einsteinium
  
Rubidium
  
Next Element
Mendelevium
  
Yttrium
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
25.70 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
350.00 pm  
99+
608.49 pm  
6
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.63  
13
1.57  
40
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
2.64 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
2.38 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
0.10 MPa  
99+
170.00 MPa  
21
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
2
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
121.00 (Pa)  
1
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
38
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa  
27
6.03 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
50.00 GPa  
24
11.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
15.70 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.35  
9
0.28  
17
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.70  
99+
2.64  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
35
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
-  
Resistivity
7.90 nΩ·m  
99+
132.00 nΩ·m  
24
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.08 106/cm Ω  
31
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5.03 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.30 J/(kg K)  
18
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
26.40 J/mol·K  
36
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
35.40 W/m·K  
38
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
1,050.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
22.50 µm/(m·K)  
19
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
319.20 kJ/mol  
99+
150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
13.30 kJ/mol  
30
9.16 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
163.20 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
50.00 J/mol.K  
99+
55.00 J/mol.K  
34
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