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Flerovium Hafnium Comparison

Flerovium
Hafnium
Hafnium Flerovium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Fl  
Hf  
Group Number
14  
4
4  
14
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
p block  
d block  
Element Family
Post-​Transition  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
54085164  
5
7440586  
30
Space Group Name
-  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
198.00  
6
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
Flerovium is named after the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions.  
  • Hafnium metal is highly reactive, hence not found free in nature.
  • Hafnium metal as predicated after Mendeleev finished his periodic table.
  
Sources
-  
By-product Zirconium Refining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy  
Discovery
In 1999  
In 1922  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Sun
-  
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
37
Abundance In Earth's Crust
-  
0.00 %  
31
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
27
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
14
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Flerovium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • It has an ability to absorb neutrons and hence it is used to make control rods in nuclear submarines. And this metal is also used in Plasma welding torches.
  • It alloys with iron, titanium and niobium are very useful.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Ammunition Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Research Purposes  
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
67.00 °C  
99+
2,150.00 °C  
10
Boiling Point
147.00 °C  
99+
5,400.00 °C  
5
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Gray  
Luster
Unknown Luster  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
4.00  
11
5.50  
7
Brinell Hardness
350.00 MPa  
36
1,450.00 MPa  
6
Vickers Hardness
450.00 MPa  
38
1,520.00 MPa  
10
Speed of Sound
3,200.00 m/s  
35
3,010.00 m/s  
39
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
2.00  
15
Reflectivity
68.00 %  
15
71.00 %  
12
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Fl  
Hf  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
1  
34
32  
7
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.60  
1
1.30  
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.23  
26
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.16  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00  
99+
2.70  
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
823.90 kJ/mol  
13
658.50 kJ/mol  
40
2nd Energy Level
1,601.60 kJ/mol  
35
1,440.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,367.30 kJ/mol  
18
2,250.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
4,399.70 kJ/mol  
37
3,216.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,585.00 kJ/mol  
33
6th Energy Level
11,400.00 kJ/mol  
9
6,585.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
6,700.00 kJ/mol  
39
6,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,585.00 kJ/mol  
38
10th Energy Level
6,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,590.00 kJ/mol  
40
11th Energy Level
6,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,585.00 kJ/mol  
40
12th Energy Level
36,400.00 kJ/mol  
24
6,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,580.00 kJ/mol  
35
14th Energy Level
1,145.00 kJ/mol  
99+
658.50 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
67,000.00 kJ/mol  
33
65,800.00 kJ/mol  
34
16th Energy Level
36,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
658.50 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
1,144.00 kJ/mol  
17
658.50 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
3,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,585.00 kJ/mol  
36
19th Energy Level
1,127.50 kJ/mol  
16
658.50 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
800.00 kJ/mol  
24
658.00 kJ/mol  
37
21st Energy Level
670.00 kJ/mol  
99+
658.50 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
340.00 kJ/mol  
99+
658.00 kJ/mol  
31
23rd Energy Level
1,120.00 kJ/mol  
34
658.50 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
540.10 kJ/mol  
99+
658.50 kJ/mol  
31
25th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
658.00 kJ/mol  
33
26th Energy Level
540.10 kJ/mol  
99+
658.50 kJ/mol  
32
27th Energy Level
540.00 kJ/mol  
99+
658.50 kJ/mol  
33
28th Energy Level
800.00 kJ/mol  
18
658.50 kJ/mol  
38
29th Energy Level
800.10 kJ/mol  
17
658.50 kJ/mol  
39
30th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
658.00 kJ/mol  
35
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
1.66 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
3.90 eV  
36
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
114  
4
72  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Not Known  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Flerovium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
114  
4
72  
99+
Number of Neutrons
184  
2
106  
30
Number of Electrons
114  
4
72  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm  
16
159.00 pm  
30
Covalent Radius
171.00 pm  
26
175.00 pm  
25
Van der Waals Radius
0.00 pm  
99+
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
289.00 amu  
3
178.49 amu  
39
Atomic Volume
14.00 cm3/mol  
99+
13.60 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Nihonium
  
Lutetium
  
Next Element
Moscovium
  
Tantalum
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
81.00 (-eV)  
16
Lattice Constant
-  
319.64 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.60  
22
1.58  
34
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
14.00 g/cm3  
24
13.31 g/cm3  
27
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
14.00 g/cm3  
24
12.00 g/cm3  
31
Tensile Strength
0.10 MPa  
99+
445.00 MPa  
9
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
28
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
25
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
35.00 GPa  
21
30.00 GPa  
27
Bulk Modulus
15.00 GPa  
99+
110.00 GPa  
15
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
78.00 GPa  
27
Poisson Ratio
0.30  
14
0.37  
7
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
14.00  
25
13.31  
30
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
15
0.00 H/m  
9
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
13
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Conductor  
Resistivity
5.40 nΩ·m  
99+
331.00 nΩ·m  
14
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.03 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
-  
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.14 J/(kg K)  
38
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
25.73 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
23.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
340.00 K  
99+
2,500.00 K  
11
Thermal Expansion
7.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
5.90 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
337.40 kJ/mol  
38
661.10 kJ/mol  
6
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.50 kJ/mol  
26
25.10 kJ/mol  
8
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
703.00 kJ/mol  
5
Standard Molar Entropy
57.00 J/mol.K  
30
43.60 J/mol.K  
99+
Summary >>
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