Symbol
Fr
Fe
Group Number
18
0
17
👆🏻
Period Number
74
2
7
👆🏻
Block
s block
d block
Element Family
Alkali
Transition Metal
CAS Number
74407357439896
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Space Group Name
-
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
225.00229.00
11
276
👆🏻
Interesting Facts
- 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
- Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
- Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
- The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
Sources
Formed by Decay Process, Mining
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Marguerite Perey
-
Discovery
In 1939
Before 5000 BC
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %0.11 %
0
0.11
👆🏻
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %0.10 %
0
0.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %22.00 %
0
22
👆🏻
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %6.30 %
1E-37
8.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Oceans
-0.00 %
0
1.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %0.01 %
0
1.4
👆🏻
Uses & Benefits
- Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
- Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
- Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
Industrial Uses
-
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
-
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
-
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
-
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
✔
✘
✔
✘
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3447.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
👆🏻
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.380.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
👆🏻
Melting Point
27.00 °C1,535.00 °C
-38.83
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
677.00 °C2,750.00 °C
0
5660
👆🏻
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
-
Gray
Luster
-
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
0.204.00
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell Hardness
119.00 MPa200.00 MPa
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers Hardness
300.00 MPa608.00 MPa
0
3920
👆🏻
Speed of Sound
2,440.00 m/s5,120.00 m/s
818
16200
👆🏻
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.702.60
0.155
3.41
👆🏻
Reflectivity
72.00 %65.00 %
5
97
👆🏻
Allotropes
✔
✘
✔
✘
α Allotropes
-
Ferrite (alpha Iron)
β Allotropes
-
beta Iron
γ Allotropes
-
gamma Iron
Chemical Formula
Fr
Fe
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
3326
0
38
👆🏻
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.701.83
0
2.6
👆🏻
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.702.20
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.861.64
0.86
1.9
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.681.83
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Electronegativity
0.671.80
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.302.17
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol762.50 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
👆🏻
2nd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol1,561.90 kJ/mol
392.8
28750
👆🏻
3rd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol2,957.00 kJ/mol
392.8
34230
👆🏻
4th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol5,290.00 kJ/mol
375.7
37066
👆🏻
5th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol7,240.00 kJ/mol
392
97510
👆🏻
6th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol9,560.00 kJ/mol
1007
105800
👆🏻
7th Energy level
3,920.00 kJ/mol12,060.00 kJ/mol
1007
114300
👆🏻
8th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol14,580.00 kJ/mol
730
125300
👆🏻
9th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol22,540.00 kJ/mol
1007
134700
👆🏻
10th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol25,290.00 kJ/mol
392
144300
👆🏻
11th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol28,000.00 kJ/mol
392
169988
👆🏻
12th Energy Level
38,000.00 kJ/mol31,920.00 kJ/mol
0
189368
👆🏻
13th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol34,830.00 kJ/mol
1007
76015
👆🏻
14th Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol37,840.00 kJ/mol
380
86450
👆🏻
15th Energy Level
67,700.00 kJ/mol44,100.00 kJ/mol
33000
100700
👆🏻
16th Energy Level
39,200.00 kJ/mol47,206.00 kJ/mol
375.7
109480
👆🏻
17th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol122,200.00 kJ/mol
375.7
122200
👆🏻
18th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol131,000.00 kJ/mol
0
134810
👆🏻
19th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol140,500.00 kJ/mol
375.7
148700
👆🏻
20th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol152,600.00 kJ/mol
0
171200
👆🏻
21st Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol163,000.00 kJ/mol
375.7
179100
👆🏻
22nd Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol173,600.00 kJ/mol
330
184900
👆🏻
23rd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol188,100.00 kJ/mol
357.6
198800
👆🏻
24th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol195,200.00 kJ/mol
297.3
195200
👆🏻
25th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol762.00 kJ/mol
0
121900
👆🏻
26th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol762.50 kJ/mol
357.6
127700
👆🏻
27th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol762.50 kJ/mol
0
133800
👆🏻
28th Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol762.50 kJ/mol
297.3
139800
👆🏻
29th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol762.50 kJ/mol
0
148100
👆🏻
30th Energy Level
677.00 kJ/mol762.00 kJ/mol
0
154500
👆🏻
Electrochemical Equivalent
8.32 g/amp-hr0.69 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Electron Work Function
4.07 eV4.70 eV
2.14
6
👆🏻
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Number
8726
3
117
👆🏻
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s1
[Ar] 3d6 4s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
Atom
Number of Protons
8726
3
117
👆🏻
Number of Neutrons
13630
4
285
👆🏻
Number of Electrons
8726
3
117
👆🏻
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
348.00 pm126.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
Covalent Radius
260.00 pm132.00 pm
0
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
348.00 pm200.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
Atomic Weight
223.00 amu55.85 amu
6.94
294
👆🏻
Atomic Volume
71.00 cm3/mol7.10 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
Next Element
Valence Electron Potential
8.00 (-eV)67.00 (-eV)
0
392.42
👆🏻
Lattice Constant
440.00 pm286.65 pm
0
891.25
👆🏻
Lattice Angles
-
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.561.35
0.423
1.9
👆🏻
Density
Density At Room Temperature
1.87 g/cm37.87 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.87 g/cm36.98 g/cm3
0.512
41
👆🏻
Tensile Strength
50.00 MPa11,000.00 MPa
0.1
11000
👆🏻
Viscosity
0.000.00
1.5E-05
0.0035
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
0
121
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)36.80 (Pa)
0
774
👆🏻
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
3.60 GPa82.00 GPa
1.3
222
👆🏻
Bulk Modulus
6.00 GPa170.00 GPa
0
462
👆🏻
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa211.00 GPa
0
528
👆🏻
Poisson Ratio
0.440.29
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Other Mechanical Properties
-
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
0.877.20
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Ferromagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m0.01 H/m
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
Susceptibility
0.00200,000.00
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
3.00 nΩ·m96.10 nΩ·m
0.1
961
👆🏻
Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω0.10 106/cm Ω
0
0.63
👆🏻
Electron Affinity
0.70 kJ/mol15.70 kJ/mol
0
222.8
👆🏻
Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)0.44 J/(kg K)
0.1
3.6
👆🏻
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K25.10 J/mol·K
13.1
62.7
👆🏻
Thermal Conductivity
15.00 W/m·K80.40 W/m·K
0
429
👆🏻
Critical Temperature
300.00 K1,811.00 K
26.3
3695
👆🏻
Thermal Expansion
18.90 µm/(m·K)11.80 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
👆🏻
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
67.00 kJ/mol351.00 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.30 kJ/mol14.90 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Atomization
71.00 kJ/mol414.20 kJ/mol
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard Molar Entropy
42.00 J/mol.K27.30 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1
👆🏻