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Iron
Iron




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Fe Element

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1 Periodic Table

1.1 Symbol

Fe

1.2 Group Number

8
Rank: 10 (Overall)
Gadolinium Metal
0 17

1.3 Period Number

4
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Lithium Metal
2 7

1.4 Block

d block

1.5 Element Family

Transition Metal

1.6 CAS Number

7439896
Rank: 88 (Overall)
Aluminium Metal
7429905 54386242

1.7 Space Group Name

Im_ 3m

1.8 Space Group Number

229.00
Rank: 1 (Overall)
Plutonium Metal
11 229

2 Facts

2.1 Interesting Facts

  • Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
  • The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.

2.2 Sources

Earth's crust, Found in Minerals

2.3 History

2.3.1 Who Discovered

Unknown

2.3.2 Discovery

Before 5000 BC

2.4 Abundance

2.4.1 Abundance In Universe

1.1 * 10-1 %
Rank: 1 (Overall)
Thallium Metal
5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Abundance In Sun

~0.1 %
Rank: 1 (Overall)
Beryllium Metal
1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites

22.00 %
Rank: 1 (Overall)
Gold Metal
1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust

6.30 %
Rank: 2 (Overall)
Radium Metal
9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans

0.00 %
Rank: 12 (Overall)
Protactinium Metal
2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Abundance In Humans

0.01 %
Rank: 5 (Overall)
Radium Metal
1E-13 1.4

3 Uses

3.1 Uses & Benefits

  • Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
  • Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.

3.1.1 Industrial Uses

Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry

3.1.2 Medical Uses

Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing

3.1.3 Other Uses

Alloys, Sculptures, Statues

3.2 Biological Properties

3.2.1 Toxicity

Non Toxic

3.2.2 Present in Human Body

60% - Transition Metals Metals have it !

3.2.3 In Blood

447.00 Blood/mg dm-3
Rank: 3 (Overall)
Plutonium Metal
0 1970

3.2.4 In Bone

380.00 p.p.m.
Rank: 5 (Overall)
Plutonium Metal
0 170000

4 Physical

4.1 Melting Point

1,535.00 °C
Rank: 25 (Overall)
Francium Metal
27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

2,750.00 °C
Rank: 37 (Overall)
Flerovium Metal
147 5660

4.3 Appearance

4.3.1 Physical State

Solid

4.3.2 Color

Gray

4.3.3 Luster

Metallic

4.4 Hardness

4.4.1 Mohs Hardness

4.00
Rank: 10 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell Hardness

200.00 MPa
Rank: 40 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers Hardness

608.00 MPa
Rank: 18 (Overall)
Palladium Metal
121 3430

4.5 Speed of Sound

5,120.00 m/s
Rank: 8 (Overall)
Thallium Metal
818 16200

4.6 Optical Properties

4.6.1 Refractive Index

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury Metal
1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 Reflectivity

65.00 %
Rank: 12 (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
58 97

4.7 Allotropes

6% - Transition Metals Metals have it !

4.7.1 α Allotropes

Ferrite (alpha Iron)

4.7.2 β Allotropes

beta Iron

4.7.3 γ Allotropes

gamma Iron

5 Chemical

5.1 Chemical Formula

Fe

5.2 Isotopes

5.2.1 Known Isotopes

26
Rank: 13 (Overall)
Tennessine Metal
0 38

5.3 Electronegativity

5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity

1.83
Rank: 14 (Overall)
Francium Metal
0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity

2.20
Rank: 7 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity

1.64
Rank: 8 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cesium Metal
0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity

1.80
Rank: 12 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.17
Rank: 40 (Overall)
Gold Metal
1.46 3.3

5.5 Ionization Energies

5.5.1 1st Energy Level

762.50 kJ/mol
Rank: 17 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
375.7 26130

5.5.2 2nd Energy Level

1,561.90 kJ/mol
Rank: 36 (Overall)
Ruthenium Metal
710.2162 28750

5.5.3 3rd Energy Level

2,957.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 29 (Overall)
Osmium Metal
1600 34230

5.5.4 4th Energy Level

5,290.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 16 (Overall)
Thorium Metal
2780 37066

5.5.5 5th Energy Level

7,240.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 16 (Overall)
Dubnium Metal
4305.2 97510

5.5.6 6th Energy Level

9,560.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 14 (Overall)
Seaborgium Metal
5715.8 105800

5.5.7 7th Energy level

12,060.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 15 (Overall)
Bohrium Metal
7226.8 114300

5.5.8 8th Energy Level

14,580.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 14 (Overall)
Hassium Metal
8857.4 125300

5.5.9 9th Energy Level

22,540.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 5 (Overall)
Yttrium Metal
14110 134700

5.5.10 10th Energy Level

25,290.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 8 (Overall)
Strontium Metal
17100 144300

5.5.11 11th Energy Level

28,000.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Yttrium Metal
19900 169988

5.5.12 12th Energy Level

31,920.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
22219 189368

5.5.13 13th Energy Level

34,830.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
26930 76015

5.5.14 14th Energy Level

37,840.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 11 (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
29196 86450

5.5.15 15th Energy Level

44,100.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 11 (Overall)
Manganese Metal
41987 97510

5.5.16 16th Energy Level

47,206.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 13 (Overall)
Copper
47206 109480

5.5.17 17th Energy Level

122,200.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)
Cobalt Metal
52737 122200

5.5.18 18th Energy Level

131,000.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 2 (Overall)
Nickel Metal
58570 134810

5.5.19 19th Energy Level

140,500.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 3 (Overall)
Copper Metal
64702 148700

5.5.20 20th Energy Level

152,600.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 5 (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
80400 171200

5.5.21 21st Energy Level

163,000.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 5 (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
87000 179100

5.5.22 22nd Energy Level

173,600.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
93400 184900

5.5.23 23rd Energy Level

188,100.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
98420 198800

5.5.24 24th Energy Level

195,200.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
104400 195200

5.5.25 25th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: 100 (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
121900 121900

5.5.26 26th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: 100 (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
127700 127700

5.5.27 27th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
133800 133800

5.5.28 28th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
139800 139800

5.5.29 29th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
148100 148100

5.5.30 30th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
154500 154500

5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent

0.69 g/amp-hr
Rank: 65 (Overall)
Beryllium Metal
0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Electron Work Function

4.70 eV
Rank: 10 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
2.14 5.65

5.8 Other Chemical Properties

Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility

6 Atomic

6.1 Atomic Number

26
Rank: 80 (Overall)
Lithium Metal
3 117

6.2 Electron Configuration

[Ar] 3d6 4s2

6.3 Crystal Structure

Body Centered Cubic (BCC)

6.3.1 Crystal Lattice

6.4 Atom

6.4.1 Number of Protons

26
Rank: 79 (Overall)
Lithium Metal
3 117

6.4.2 Number of Neutrons

30
Rank: 60 (Overall)
Lithium Metal
4 184

6.4.3 Number of Electrons

26
Rank: 79 (Overall)
Lithium Metal
3 117

6.5 Radius of an Atom

6.5.1 Atomic Radius

126.00 pm
Rank: 48 (Overall)
Beryllium Metal
112 265

6.5.2 Covalent Radius

132.00 pm
Rank: 48 (Overall)
Beryllium Metal
96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

200.00 pm
Rank: 28 (Overall)
Zinc Metal
139 348

6.6 Atomic Weight

55.85 amu
Rank: 74 (Overall)
Lithium Metal
6.94 294

6.7 Atomic Volume

7.10 cm3/mol
Rank: 61 (Overall)
Manganese Metal
1.39 71.07

6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers

6.8.1 Previous Element

6.8.2 Next Element

6.9 Valence Electron Potential

67.00 (-eV)
Rank: 20 (Overall)
Francium Metal
8 392.42

6.10 Lattice Constant

286.65 pm
Rank: 63 (Overall)
Beryllium Metal
228.58 891.25

6.11 Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Beryllium Metal
1.567 1.886

7 Mechanical

7.1 Density

7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature

7.87 g/cm3
Rank: 52 (Overall)
Lithium Metal
0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

6.98 g/cm3
Rank: 35 (Overall)
Lithium Metal
0.512 20

7.2 Tensile Strength

11,000.00 MPa
Rank: 1 (Overall)
Indium Metal
2.5 11000

7.3 Viscosity

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury Metal
0.001526 0.001526

7.4 Vapor Pressure

7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 28 (Overall)
Cerium Metal
2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

36.80 (Pa)
Rank: 5 (Overall)
Tungsten Metal
2.62E-10 774

7.5 Elasticity properties

7.5.1 Shear Modulus

82.00 GPa
Rank: 11 (Overall)
Potassium Metal
1.3 222

7.5.2 Bulk Modulus

170.00 GPa
Rank: 10 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
1.6 462

7.5.3 Young's Modulus

211.00 GPa
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
1.7 528

7.6 Poisson Ratio

0.29
Rank: 15 (Overall)
Beryllium Metal
0.032 0.47

7.7 Other Mechanical Properties

Ductile, Malleable, Weldable

8 Magnetic

8.1 Magnetic Characteristics

8.1.1 Specific Gravity

7.20
Rank: 45 (Overall)
Lithium Metal
0.53 4500

8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering

Ferromagnetic

8.1.3 Permeability

6.3 * 10-3 H/m
Rank: 1 (Overall)
Bismuth Metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 Susceptibility

2,00,000.00
Rank: 1 (Overall)
Bismuth Metal
-0.000166 200000

8.2 Electrical Properties

8.2.1 Electrical Property

Conductor

8.2.2 Resistivity

96.10 nΩ·m
Rank: 32 (Overall)
Thallium Metal
0.18 961

8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity

0.10 106/cm Ω
Rank: 20 (Overall)
Plutonium Metal
0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 Electron Affinity

15.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 34 (Overall)
Mercury Metal
0 222.8

9 Thermal

9.1 Specific Heat

0.44 J/(kg K)
Rank: 13 (Overall)
Americium Metal
0.11 3.6

9.2 Molar Heat Capacity

25.10 J/mol·K
Rank: 43 (Overall)
Beryllium Metal
16.443 62.7

9.3 Thermal Conductivity

80.40 W/m·K
Rank: 22 (Overall)
Neptunium Metal
6.3 429

9.4 Critical Temperature

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Ytterbium Metal
26.3 3223

9.5 Thermal Expansion

11.80 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 33 (Overall)
Tungsten Metal
4.5 97

9.6 Enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization

351.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 23 (Overall)
Zinc Metal
7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion

14.90 kJ/mol
Rank: 22 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization

414.20 kJ/mol
Rank: 19 (Overall)
Mercury Metal
61.5 837

9.7 Standard Molar Entropy

27.30 J/mol.K
Rank: 56 (Overall)
Beryllium Metal
9.5 198.1