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Indium
Indium




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In Element

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1 Periodic Table

1.1 Symbol

In

1.2 Group Number

13
Rank: 5 (Overall)
Gadolinium Metal
0 17

1.3 Period Number

5
Rank: 3 (Overall)
Lithium Metal
2 7

1.4 Block

p block

1.5 Element Family

Post-​Transition

1.6 CAS Number

7440746
Rank: 17 (Overall)
Aluminium Metal
7429905 54386242

1.7 Space Group Name

I4/mmm

1.8 Space Group Number

139.00
Rank: 8 (Overall)
Plutonium Metal
11 229

2 Facts

2.1 Interesting Facts

  • Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
  • Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.

2.2 Sources

Mining, Ores of metals

2.3 History

2.3.1 Who Discovered

Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter

2.3.2 Discovery

In 1863

2.4 Abundance

2.4.1 Abundance In Universe

3 * 10-8 %
Rank: 28 (Overall)
Thallium Metal
5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Abundance In Sun

~0.0000004 %
Rank: 23 (Overall)
Beryllium Metal
1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites

0.00 %
Rank: 45 (Overall)
Gold Metal
1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust

0.00 %
Rank: 45 (Overall)
Radium Metal
9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans

0.00 %
Rank: 43 (Overall)
Protactinium Metal
2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Abundance In Humans

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Radium Metal
1E-13 1.4

3 Uses

3.1 Uses & Benefits

  • It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
  • Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.

3.1.1 Industrial Uses

Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry

3.1.2 Medical Uses

Medical Research

3.1.3 Other Uses

Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors

3.2 Biological Properties

3.2.1 Toxicity

Non Toxic

3.2.2 Present in Human Body

70% - Post Transition Metals Metals have it !

3.2.3 In Blood

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Plutonium Metal
0 1970

3.2.4 In Bone

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Plutonium Metal
0 170000

4 Physical

4.1 Melting Point

156.61 °C
Rank: 74 (Overall)
Francium Metal
27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

2,000.00 °C
Rank: 50 (Overall)
Flerovium Metal
147 5660

4.3 Appearance

4.3.1 Physical State

Solid

4.3.2 Color

Silvery Gray

4.3.3 Luster

Lustrous

4.4 Hardness

4.4.1 Mohs Hardness

1.20
Rank: 20 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell Hardness

8.80 MPa
Rank: 51 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers Hardness

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Palladium Metal
121 3430

4.5 Speed of Sound

1,215.00 m/s
Rank: 51 (Overall)
Thallium Metal
818 16200

4.6 Optical Properties

4.6.1 Refractive Index

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury Metal
1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 Reflectivity

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
58 97

4.7 Allotropes

20% - Post Transition Metals Metals have it !

4.7.1 α Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.2 β Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.3 γ Allotropes

Not Available

5 Chemical

5.1 Chemical Formula

In

5.2 Isotopes

5.2.1 Known Isotopes

35
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Tennessine Metal
0 38

5.3 Electronegativity

5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity

1.78
Rank: 16 (Overall)
Francium Metal
0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity

2.14
Rank: 8 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity

1.49
Rank: 13 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

1.76
Rank: 10 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity

1.66
Rank: 18 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.22
Rank: 38 (Overall)
Gold Metal
1.46 3.3

5.5 Ionization Energies

5.5.1 1st Energy Level

558.30 kJ/mol
Rank: 69 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
375.7 26130

5.5.2 2nd Energy Level

1,820.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 18 (Overall)
Ruthenium Metal
710.2162 28750

5.5.3 3rd Energy Level

2,704.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 39 (Overall)
Osmium Metal
1600 34230

5.5.4 4th Energy Level

5,210.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 17 (Overall)
Thorium Metal
2780 37066

5.5.5 5th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Dubnium Metal
4305.2 97510

5.5.6 6th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Seaborgium Metal
5715.8 105800

5.5.7 7th Energy level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bohrium Metal
7226.8 114300

5.5.8 8th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Hassium Metal
8857.4 125300

5.5.9 9th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Yttrium Metal
14110 134700

5.5.10 10th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Strontium Metal
17100 144300

5.5.11 11th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Yttrium Metal
19900 169988

5.5.12 12th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
22219 189368

5.5.13 13th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
26930 76015

5.5.14 14th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
29196 86450

5.5.15 15th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Manganese Metal
41987 97510

5.5.16 16th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Iron Metal
47206 109480

5.5.17 17th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cobalt Metal
52737 122200

5.5.18 18th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Nickel Metal
58570 134810

5.5.19 19th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Copper Metal
64702 148700

5.5.20 20th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
80400 171200

5.5.21 21st Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
87000 179100

5.5.22 22nd Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
93400 184900

5.5.23 23rd Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
98420 198800

5.5.24 24th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
104400 195200

5.5.25 25th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
121900 121900

5.5.26 26th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
127700 127700

5.5.27 27th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
133800 133800

5.5.28 28th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
139800 139800

5.5.29 29th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
148100 148100

5.5.30 30th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum Metal
154500 154500

5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent

1.43 g/amp-hr
Rank: 48 (Overall)
Beryllium Metal
0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Electron Work Function

4.12 eV
Rank: 24 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
2.14 5.65

5.8 Other Chemical Properties

Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility

6 Atomic

6.1 Atomic Number

49
Rank: 63 (Overall)
Lithium Metal
3 117

6.2 Electron Configuration

[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1

6.3 Crystal Structure

Tetragonal (TETR)

6.3.1 Crystal Lattice

6.4 Atom

6.4.1 Number of Protons

49
Rank: 62 (Overall)
Lithium Metal
3 117

6.4.2 Number of Neutrons

66
Rank: 45 (Overall)
Lithium Metal
4 184

6.4.3 Number of Electrons

49
Rank: 62 (Overall)
Lithium Metal
3 117

6.5 Radius of an Atom

6.5.1 Atomic Radius

167.00 pm
Rank: 24 (Overall)
Beryllium Metal
112 265

6.5.2 Covalent Radius

142.00 pm
Rank: 42 (Overall)
Beryllium Metal
96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

193.00 pm
Rank: 31 (Overall)
Zinc Metal
139 348

6.6 Atomic Weight

114.82 amu
Rank: 57 (Overall)
Lithium Metal
6.94 294

6.7 Atomic Volume

15.70 cm3/mol
Rank: 33 (Overall)
Manganese Metal
1.39 71.07

6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers

6.8.1 Previous Element

6.8.2 Next Element

6.9 Valence Electron Potential

54.00 (-eV)
Rank: 25 (Overall)
Francium Metal
8 392.42

6.10 Lattice Constant

325.23 pm
Rank: 52 (Overall)
Beryllium Metal
228.58 891.25

6.11 Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Beryllium Metal
1.567 1.886

7 Mechanical

7.1 Density

7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature

7.31 g/cm3
Rank: 55 (Overall)
Lithium Metal
0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

7.02 g/cm3
Rank: 33 (Overall)
Lithium Metal
0.512 20

7.2 Tensile Strength

2.50 MPa
Rank: 21 (Overall)
Gold
2.5 11000

7.3 Viscosity

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury Metal
0.001526 0.001526

7.4 Vapor Pressure

7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

0.01 (Pa)
Rank: 11 (Overall)
Cerium Metal
2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Tungsten Metal
2.62E-10 774

7.5 Elasticity properties

7.5.1 Shear Modulus

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Potassium Metal
1.3 222

7.5.2 Bulk Modulus

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cesium Metal
1.6 462

7.5.3 Young's Modulus

11.00 GPa
Rank: 51 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
1.7 528

7.6 Poisson Ratio

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Beryllium Metal
0.032 0.47

7.7 Other Mechanical Properties

Ductile, Malleable

8 Magnetic

8.1 Magnetic Characteristics

8.1.1 Specific Gravity

7.31
Rank: 42 (Overall)
Lithium Metal
0.53 4500

8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering

Diamagnetic

8.1.3 Permeability

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bismuth Metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 Susceptibility

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bismuth Metal
-0.000166 200000

8.2 Electrical Properties

8.2.1 Electrical Property

Conductor

8.2.2 Resistivity

83.70 nΩ·m
Rank: 34 (Overall)
Thallium Metal
0.18 961

8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity

0.12 106/cm Ω
Rank: 17 (Overall)
Plutonium Metal
0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 Electron Affinity

28.90 kJ/mol
Rank: 31 (Overall)
Mercury Metal
0 222.8

9 Thermal

9.1 Specific Heat

0.23 J/(kg K)
Rank: 27 (Overall)
Americium Metal
0.11 3.6

9.2 Molar Heat Capacity

26.74 J/mol·K
Rank: 25 (Overall)
Beryllium Metal
16.443 62.7

9.3 Thermal Conductivity

81.80 W/m·K
Rank: 21 (Overall)
Neptunium Metal
6.3 429

9.4 Critical Temperature

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Ytterbium Metal
26.3 3223

9.5 Thermal Expansion

32.10 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Tungsten Metal
4.5 97

9.6 Enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization

226.40 kJ/mol
Rank: 40 (Overall)
Zinc Metal
7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion

3.28 kJ/mol
Rank: 55 (Overall)
Cesium Metal
2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization

242.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 42 (Overall)
Mercury Metal
61.5 837

9.7 Standard Molar Entropy

57.80 J/mol.K
Rank: 22 (Overall)
Beryllium Metal
9.5 198.1