Symbol
Bi
Group Number
15
Rank: 3 (Overall)
0
17
👆🏻
Period Number
6
Rank: 2 (Overall)
2
7
👆🏻
Block
p block
Element Family
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7440699
Rank: 22 (Overall)
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Space Group Name
C12/m1
Space Group Number
12.00
Rank: 15 (Overall)
11
276
👆🏻
Interesting Facts
- Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
- It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Claude François Geoffroy
Discovery
In 1753
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %
Rank: 26 (Overall)
0
0.11
👆🏻
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %
Rank: 14 (Overall)
0
0.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
Rank: 42 (Overall)
0
22
👆🏻
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
Rank: 51 (Overall)
1E-37
8.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
Rank: 24 (Overall)
0
1.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
Rank: 24 (Overall)
0
1.4
👆🏻
Uses & Benefits
- Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
Other Uses
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Present in Human Body
✔
✘
68% - Post Transition Metals Metals have it !
In Blood
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3
Rank: 20 (Overall)
0
1970
👆🏻
In Bone
0.20 p.p.m.
Rank: 27 (Overall)
0
170000
👆🏻
Melting Point
271.30 °C
Rank: 70 (Overall)
-38.83
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
1,560.00 °C
Rank: 59 (Overall)
0
5660
👆🏻
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Color
Silver
Luster
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
2.25
Rank: 16 (Overall)
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell Hardness
70.00 MPa
Rank: 61 (Overall)
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers Hardness
30.00 MPa
Rank: 67 (Overall)
0
3920
👆🏻
Speed of Sound
1,790.00 m/s
Rank: 63 (Overall)
818
16200
👆🏻
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
2.50
Rank: 5 (Overall)
0.155
3.41
👆🏻
Reflectivity
70.00 %
Rank: 13 (Overall)
5
97
👆🏻
Allotropes
✔
✘
12% - Post Transition Metals Metals
α Allotropes
-
β Allotropes
-
γ Allotropes
-
Chemical Formula
Bi
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
33
Rank: 6 (Overall)
0
38
👆🏻
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.02
Rank: 7 (Overall)
0
2.6
👆🏻
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.34
Rank: 3 (Overall)
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.67
Rank: 7 (Overall)
0.86
1.9
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.15
Rank: 8 (Overall)
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Electronegativity
2.01
Rank: 5 (Overall)
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.98
Rank: 48 (Overall)
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 35 (Overall)
375.7
26130
👆🏻
2nd Energy Level
1,610.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 34 (Overall)
392.8
28750
👆🏻
3rd Energy Level
2,466.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 49 (Overall)
392.8
34230
👆🏻
4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 38 (Overall)
375.7
37066
👆🏻
5th Energy Level
5,400.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 66 (Overall)
392
97510
👆🏻
6th Energy Level
8,520.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 29 (Overall)
1007
105800
👆🏻
7th Energy level
7,030.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 41 (Overall)
1007
114300
👆🏻
8th Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 37 (Overall)
730
125300
👆🏻
9th Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 34 (Overall)
1007
134700
👆🏻
10th Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 38 (Overall)
392
144300
👆🏻
11th Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 36 (Overall)
392
169988
👆🏻
12th Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 54 (Overall)
0
189368
👆🏻
13th Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 32 (Overall)
1007
76015
👆🏻
14th Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 22 (Overall)
380
86450
👆🏻
15th Energy Level
70,300.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 28 (Overall)
33000
100700
👆🏻
16th Energy Level
70,300.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 23 (Overall)
375.7
109480
👆🏻
17th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 43 (Overall)
375.7
122200
👆🏻
18th Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 34 (Overall)
0
134810
👆🏻
19th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 40 (Overall)
375.7
148700
👆🏻
20th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 34 (Overall)
0
171200
👆🏻
21st Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)
375.7
179100
👆🏻
22nd Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 28 (Overall)
330
184900
👆🏻
23rd Energy Level
7,030.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 10 (Overall)
357.6
198800
👆🏻
24th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 27 (Overall)
297.3
195200
👆🏻
25th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 29 (Overall)
0
121900
👆🏻
26th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 28 (Overall)
357.6
127700
👆🏻
27th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 29 (Overall)
0
133800
👆🏻
28th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 34 (Overall)
297.3
139800
👆🏻
29th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 35 (Overall)
0
148100
👆🏻
30th Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 29 (Overall)
0
154500
👆🏻
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.60 g/amp-hr
Rank: 23 (Overall)
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Electron Work Function
4.22 eV
Rank: 29 (Overall)
2.14
6
👆🏻
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Number
83
Rank: 33 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Crystal Lattice
Atom
Number of Protons
83
Rank: 33 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Number of Neutrons
126
Rank: 19 (Overall)
4
285
👆🏻
Number of Electrons
83
Rank: 33 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm
Rank: 31 (Overall)
0
348
👆🏻
Covalent Radius
148.00 pm
Rank: 38 (Overall)
0
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
207.00 pm
Rank: 33 (Overall)
0
348
👆🏻
Atomic Weight
208.98 amu
Rank: 29 (Overall)
6.94
294
👆🏻
Atomic Volume
21.30 cm3/mol
Rank: 23 (Overall)
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
Next Element
Valence Electron Potential
41.90 (-eV)
Rank: 45 (Overall)
0
392.42
👆🏻
Lattice Constant
667.40 pm
Rank: 2 (Overall)
0
891.25
👆🏻
Lattice Angles
-
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.86
Rank: 4 (Overall)
0.423
1.9
👆🏻
Density
Density At Room Temperature
9.78 g/cm3
Rank: 43 (Overall)
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.05 g/cm3
Rank: 41 (Overall)
0.512
41
👆🏻
Tensile Strength
32.00 MPa
Rank: 43 (Overall)
0.1
11000
👆🏻
Viscosity
0.00
Rank: 29 (Overall)
1.5E-05
0.0035
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 22 (Overall)
0
121
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 24 (Overall)
0
774
👆🏻
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
12.00 GPa
Rank: 53 (Overall)
1.3
222
👆🏻
Bulk Modulus
31.00 GPa
Rank: 49 (Overall)
0
462
👆🏻
Young's Modulus
32.00 GPa
Rank: 49 (Overall)
0
528
👆🏻
Poisson Ratio
0.33
Rank: 11 (Overall)
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Other Mechanical Properties
-
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
9.79
Rank: 44 (Overall)
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m
Rank: 20 (Overall)
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
Susceptibility
0.00
Rank: 36 (Overall)
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Semiconductor
Resistivity
1.29 nΩ·m
Rank: 69 (Overall)
0.1
961
👆🏻
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
Rank: 65 (Overall)
0
0.63
👆🏻
Electron Affinity
91.20 kJ/mol
Rank: 13 (Overall)
0
222.8
👆🏻
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
Rank: 42 (Overall)
0.1
3.6
👆🏻
Molar Heat Capacity
25.52 J/mol·K
Rank: 46 (Overall)
13.1
62.7
👆🏻
Thermal Conductivity
7.97 W/m·K
Rank: 70 (Overall)
0
429
👆🏻
Critical Temperature
544.00 K
Rank: 71 (Overall)
26.3
3695
👆🏻
Thermal Expansion
13.40 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 34 (Overall)
4.5
97
👆🏻
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
151.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 68 (Overall)
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.90 kJ/mol
Rank: 39 (Overall)
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Atomization
207.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 56 (Overall)
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard Molar Entropy
56.70 J/mol.K
Rank: 32 (Overall)
9.5
198.1
👆🏻