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Francium Rutherfordium Comparison

Francium
Rutherfordium
Rutherfordium Francium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Fr  
Rf  
Group Number
1  
17
4  
14
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
s block  
d block  
Element Family
Alkali  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440735  
18
53850365  
13
Space Group Name
-  
-  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
  • Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
  
  • Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
  • Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.
  
Sources
Formed by Decay Process, Mining  
Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Marguerite Perey  
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research  
Discovery
In 1939  
In 1964  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Oceans
-  
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
  
  • Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys, Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
27.00 °C  
99+
2,100.00 °C  
11
Boiling Point
677.00 °C  
99+
5,500.00 °C  
3
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
-  
Luster
-  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.20  
27
-  
Brinell Hardness
119.00 MPa  
99+
1,300.00 MPa  
9
Vickers Hardness
300.00 MPa  
99+
550.00 MPa  
31
Speed of Sound
2,440.00 m/s  
99+
6,100.00 m/s  
5
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.70  
27
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
72.00 %  
11
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Fr  
Rf  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
13  
26
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.70  
99+
0.00  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.70  
99+
1.90  
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.86  
99+
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.68  
99+
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
0.67  
99+
0.90  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.30  
1
2.20  
39
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
579.90 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,389.40 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
2,296.40 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
3,077.90 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,790.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11,600.00 kJ/mol  
7
7th Energy level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
38,000.00 kJ/mol  
23
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
67,700.00 kJ/mol  
32
58,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
39,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
58,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
579.90 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
579.90 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
22nd Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
579.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
24th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
579.10 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
14
29th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
580.60 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
677.00 kJ/mol  
31
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
8.32 g/amp-hr  
1
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
4.07 eV  
33
6.00 eV  
1
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
87  
31
104  
14
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s1  
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
87  
31
104  
14
Number of Neutrons
136  
18
157  
8
Number of Electrons
87  
31
104  
14
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
348.00 pm  
1
150.00 pm  
35
Covalent Radius
260.00 pm  
1
157.00 pm  
33
Van der Waals Radius
348.00 pm  
1
250.00 pm  
10
Atomic Weight
223.00 amu  
27
267.00 amu  
11
Atomic Volume
71.00 cm3/mol  
2
23.20 cm3/mol  
15
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Polonium
  
Lawrencium
  
Next Element
Radium
  
Dubnium
  
Valence Electron Potential
8.00 (-eV)  
99+
6.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
440.00 pm  
21
-  
Lattice Angles
-  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.56  
99+
1.60  
22
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.87 g/cm3  
99+
23.20 g/cm3  
8
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.87 g/cm3  
99+
23.20 g/cm3  
9
Tensile Strength
50.00 MPa  
38
23.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
3.60 GPa  
99+
23.00 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
6.00 GPa  
99+
0.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
12.80 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.44  
3
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
0.87  
99+
23.00  
10
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
13
0.00 H/m  
10
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
3.00 nΩ·m  
99+
0.29 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.70 kJ/mol  
99+
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)  
37
0.27 J/(kg K)  
19
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
23.20 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
15.00 W/m·K  
99+
0.23 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
300.00 K  
99+
2,400.00 K  
12
Thermal Expansion
18.90 µm/(m·K)  
25
23.20 µm/(m·K)  
17
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
67.00 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
12
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.30 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
71.00 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
14
Standard Molar Entropy
42.00 J/mol.K  
99+
57.60 J/mol.K  
28
Summary >>
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