Francium

Americium

Francium vs Americium

Francium

Americium

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1 Periodic Table

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Group Number

1NA

0 17

1.4 Period Number

2 7

1.8 Block

s block

f block

1.9 Element Family

Alkali

Actinide

1.10 CAS Number

74407357440359

7429905 54386242

1.13 Space Group Name

Not Available

P63/mmc

1.14 Space Group Number

NA194.00

11 229

2 Facts

2.1 Interesting Facts

223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in ²²⁷Actinium 227.

Americium metal is produced by bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons.

Americium metal was discovered as a by-product while testing an atomic bomb (Manhattan Project).

3.2 Sources

Formed by Decay Process, Mining

Obtained By Bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons

3.4 History

3.4.1 Who Discovered

Marguerite Perey

Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso

3.5.2 Discovery

In 1939

In 1944

3.6 Abundance

3.6.2 Abundance In Universe

NANA

5E-09 0.11

3.7.2 Abundance In Sun

~-9999 %~-9999 %

1E-08 0.1

3.7.5 Abundance In Meteorites

NANA

1.7E-07 22

3.7.6 Abundance In Earth's Crust

NANA

9.9E-12 8.1

3.7.8 Abundance In Oceans

NANA

2E-23 1.1

3.7.10 Abundance In Humans

NANA

1E-13 1.4

4 Uses

4.1 Uses & Benefits

Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.

Americium metal is used in smoke detection alarms.
In the future, this metal has a potential to be used in batteries of spacecrafts.

4.1.1 Industrial Uses

4.1.2 Medical Uses

4.1.3 Other Uses

Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes

4.2 Biological Properties

4.2.1 Toxicity

Toxic

4.2.2 Present in Human Body

✔ ✘

5.1.2 In Blood

0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3

0 1970

5.2.4 In Bone

0.00 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.

0 170000

6 Physical

6.1 Melting Point

27.00 °C994.00 °C

27 3410

7.2 Boiling Point

677.00 °C2,607.00 °C

147 5660

7.4 Appearance

7.4.1 Physical State

Solid

7.4.2 Color

Silvery White

7.4.3 Luster

7.5 Hardness

7.5.1 Mohs Hardness

NANA

0.2 8.5

7.7.2 Brinell Hardness

NANA

0.14 3490

7.7.4 Vickers Hardness

NANA

121 3430

7.8 Speed of Sound

NANA

818 16200

7.10 Optical Properties

7.10.1 Refractive Index

NANA

1.000933 1.7229

7.11.2 Reflectivity

NANA

58 97

7.12 Allotropes

✔ ✘

7.12.1 α Allotropes

Not Available

7.12.2 β Allotropes

Not Available

7.12.3 γ Allotropes

Not Available

8 Chemical

8.1 Chemical Formula

8.2 Isotopes

8.2.1 Known Isotopes

3316

0 38

9.3 Electronegativity

9.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity

0.701.30

0.7 2.54

9.4.2 Sanderson Electronegativity

NANA

0.22 2.56

9.4.4 Allred Rochow Electronegativity

0.861.20

0.86 1.82

9.4.6 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

0.68NA

0.62 2.48

9.4.8 Allen Electronegativity

0.67NA

0.659 2.7

9.5 Electropositivity

9.5.1 Pauling Electropositivity

3.302.70

1.46 3.3

9.6 Ionization Energies

9.6.1 1st Energy Level

380.00 kJ/mol578.00 kJ/mol

375.7 26130

9.7.2 2nd Energy Level

NA1,158.00 kJ/mol

710.2162 28750

9.8.2 3rd Energy Level

NA2,132.00 kJ/mol

1600 34230

9.8.4 4th Energy Level

NA3,493.00 kJ/mol

2780 37066

9.8.6 5th Energy Level

NANA

4305.2 97510

9.8.8 6th Energy Level

NANA

5715.8 105800

9.8.9 7th Energy level

NANA

7226.8 114300

9.8.11 8th Energy Level

NANA

8857.4 125300

9.8.13 9th Energy Level

NANA

14110 134700

9.8.15 10th Energy Level

NANA

17100 144300

9.8.17 11th Energy Level

NANA

19900 169988

9.8.20 12th Energy Level

NANA

22219 189368

9.8.22 13th Energy Level

NANA

26930 76015

9.8.24 14th Energy Level

NANA

29196 86450

9.8.25 15th Energy Level

NANA

41987 97510

9.8.27 16th Energy Level

NANA

47206 109480

9.8.29 17th Energy Level

NANA

52737 122200

9.8.31 18th Energy Level

NANA

58570 134810

9.8.33 19th Energy Level

NANA

64702 148700

9.8.35 20th Energy Level

NANA

80400 171200

9.8.36 21st Energy Level

NANA

87000 179100

9.8.38 22nd Energy Level

NANA

93400 184900

9.8.40 23rd Energy Level

NANA

98420 198800

9.8.42 24th Energy Level

NANA

104400 195200

9.8.44 25th Energy Level

NANA

121900 121900

9.8.45 26th Energy Level

NANA

127700 127700

9.8.47 27th Energy Level

NANA

133800 133800

9.8.49 28th Energy Level

NANA

139800 139800

9.8.51 29th Energy Level

NANA

148100 148100

9.8.53 30th Energy Level

NANA

154500 154500

9.9 Electrochemical Equivalent

8.32 g/amp-hr3.02 g/amp-hr

0.16812 8.3209

9.10 Electron Work Function

NANA

2.14 5.65

9.11 Other Chemical Properties

Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility

10 Atomic

10.1 Atomic Number

8795

3 117

10.3 Electron Configuration

[Rn] 7s¹

[Rn] 5f⁷ 7s²

10.4 Crystal Structure

Body Centered Cubic (BCC)

Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)

10.4.1 Crystal Lattice

10.5 Atom

10.5.1 Number of Protons

8795

3 117

10.6.1 Number of Neutrons

136148

4 184

11.1.1 Number of Electrons

8795

3 117

11.5 Radius of an Atom

11.5.1 Atomic Radius

NA173.00 pm

112 265

11.5.2 Covalent Radius

260.00 pm180.00 pm

96 260

11.5.4 Van der Waals Radius

348.00 pm244.00 pm

139 348

11.6 Atomic Weight

223.00 amu243.00 amu

6.94 294

11.7 Atomic Volume

NA17.86 cm3/mol

1.39 71.07

11.9 Adjacent Atomic Numbers

11.9.1 Previous Element

11.9.2 Next Element

11.10 Valence Electron Potential

8.00 (-eV)44.00 (-eV)

8 392.42

11.11 Lattice Constant

NA346.81 pm

228.58 891.25

11.13 Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

11.14 Lattice C/A Ratio

NANA

1.567 1.886

12 Mechanical

12.1 Density

12.1.1 Density At Room Temperature

1.87 g/cm³12.00 g/cm³

0.534 40.7

12.3.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

NANA

0.512 20

12.5 Tensile Strength

NANA

2.5 11000

12.8 Viscosity

NANA

0.001526 0.001526

13.2 Vapor Pressure

13.2.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

NA0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

13.2.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

NANA

2.62E-10 774

13.3 Elasticity properties

13.3.1 Shear Modulus

NANA

1.3 222

13.4.1 Bulk Modulus

NANA

1.6 462

13.6.2 Young's Modulus

NANA

1.7 528

13.7 Poisson Ratio

NANA

0.032 0.47

13.9 Other Mechanical Properties

14 Magnetic

14.1 Magnetic Characteristics

14.1.1 Specific Gravity

NA13.67

0.53 4500

14.1.3 Magnetic Ordering

Paramagnetic

14.1.4 Permeability

NANA

1.25643E-06 0.0063

14.1.5 Susceptibility

NANA

-0.000166 200000

14.2 Electrical Properties

14.2.1 Electrical Property

Poor Conductor

Unknown

14.2.2 Resistivity

3.00 nΩ·m0.69 nΩ·m

0.18 961

14.3.1 Electrical Conductivity

0.03 10⁶/cm Ω0.02 10⁶/cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

15.1.4 Electron Affinity

NANA

0 222.8

16 Thermal

16.1 Specific Heat

NA0.11 J/(kg K)

0.11 3.6

16.3 Molar Heat Capacity

NA62.70 J/mol·K

16.443 62.7

16.4 Thermal Conductivity

15.00 W/m·K10.00 W/m·K

6.3 429

16.5 Critical Temperature

NANA

26.3 3223

16.6 Thermal Expansion

NANA

4.5 97

17.2 Enthalpy

17.2.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization

NANA

7.32 799.1

17.3.1 Enthalpy of Fusion

NA14.39 kJ/mol

2.1 35.23

17.4.1 Enthalpy of Atomization

71.00 kJ/mol268.00 kJ/mol

61.5 837

17.6 Standard Molar Entropy

NANA

9.5 198.1

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