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Gallium
Gallium

Actinium
Actinium



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Gallium vs Actinium

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Ga
Ac
1.2 Group Number
13NA
Gadolinium
0 17
1.3 Period Number
47
Lithium
2 7
1.4 Block
p block
f block
1.5 Element Family
Post-​Transition
Actinide
1.6 CAS Number
74405537440348
Aluminium
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
Cmca
Fm_ 3m
1.8 Space Group Number
64.00225.00
Plutonium
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • A gram of Gallium metal can be bought for only three dollars.
  • Gallium metal found in ores of following things Coal, Bauxite, Diaspore, Sphalerite, Germanite and Zinc.
Not Available
2.2 Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Friedrich Oskar Giesel
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1875
In 1902
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %NA
Thallium
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.000004 %~-9999 %
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %NA
Gold
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %NA
Radium
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %NA
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
NANA
Radium
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Gallium arsenide is a very important component of many semiconductors and led manufacturing.
  • Gallium nitride is also know as a semiconductor and it is used in Blu-ray technology, mobile smartphones and LED.
  • Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
3.1.2 Medical Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Non Toxic
Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.08 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
NA0.00 p.p.m.
Plutonium
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
29.78 °C1,227.00 °C
Francium
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
2,403.00 °C3,200.00 °C
Flerovium
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
4.3.3 Luster
Metallic
NA
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
1.50NA
Cesium
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
56.80 MPaNA
Cesium
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
NANA
Palladium
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
2,740.00 m/sNA
Thallium
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
NANA
Molybdenum
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Ga
Ac
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
2429
Tennessine
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.811.10
Francium
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
2.42NA
Cesium
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.821.00
Cesium
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.01NA
Cesium
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
1.76NA
Cesium
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.192.90
Gold
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
578.80 kJ/mol499.00 kJ/mol
Cesium
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,979.30 kJ/mol1,170.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
2,963.00 kJ/mol1,900.00 kJ/mol
Osmium
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol4,700.00 kJ/mol
Thorium
2780 37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
NANA
Dubnium
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
NANA
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
14110 134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium
17100 144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
19900 169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
22219 189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
26930 76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
29196 86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese
41987 97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron
47206 109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt
52737 122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel
58570 134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper
64702 148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
80400 171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
87000 179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
93400 184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
98420 198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
104400 195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
121900 121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
127700 127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
133800 133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
139800 139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
148100 148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
154500 154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.87 g/amp-hr2.82 g/amp-hr
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
4.20 eVNA
Cesium
2.14 5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
3189
Lithium
3 117
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1
[Rn] 6d1 7s2
6.3 Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
3189
Lithium
3 117
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
39138
Lithium
4 184
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
3189
Lithium
3 117
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
135.00 pm195.00 pm
Beryllium
112 265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
122.00 pmNA
Beryllium
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
187.00 pmNA
Zinc
139 348
6.6 Atomic Weight
69.72 amu227.00 amu
Lithium
6.94 294
6.7 Atomic Volume
11.80 cm3/mol22.54 cm3/mol
Manganese
1.39 71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
69.70 (-eV)38.60 (-eV)
Francium
8 392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
451.97 pm567.00 pm
Beryllium
228.58 891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
Beryllium
1.567 1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
5.91 g/cm310.00 g/cm3
Lithium
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.10 g/cm3NA
Lithium
0.512 20
7.2 Tensile Strength
NANA
Indium
2.5 11000
7.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)NA
Cerium
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NANA
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
NANA
Potassium
1.3 222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
NANA
Cesium
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
9.80 GPaNA
Cesium
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
0.47NA
Beryllium
0.032 0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
5.9110.07
Lithium
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Semiconductor
Unknown
8.2.2 Resistivity
270.00 nΩ·mNA
Thallium
0.18 961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.07 106/cm ΩNA
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
28.90 kJ/molNA
Mercury
0 222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
0.37 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
Americium
0.11 3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K27.20 J/mol·K
Beryllium
16.443 62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
40.60 W/m·K12.00 W/m·K
Neptunium
6.3 429
9.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium
26.3 3223
9.5 Thermal Expansion
18.00 µm/(m·K)NA
Tungsten
4.5 97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
256.10 kJ/molNA
Zinc
7.32 799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
5.59 kJ/molNA
Cesium
2.1 35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
276.10 kJ/mol301.00 kJ/mol
Mercury
61.5 837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
40.80 J/mol.K56.50 J/mol.K
Beryllium
9.5 198.1