1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.6 Period Number
1.10 Block
1.11 Element Family
Post-Transition
Actinide
1.12 CAS Number
74405537440348
7429905
54386242
2.4 Space Group Name
2.5 Space Group Number
4 Facts
4.1 Interesting Facts
- A gram of Gallium metal can be bought for only three dollars.
- Gallium metal found in ores of following things Coal, Bauxite, Diaspore, Sphalerite, Germanite and Zinc.
Not Available
4.2 Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals
4.3 History
4.3.1 Who Discovered
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Friedrich Oskar Giesel
4.3.2 Discovery
4.4 Abundance
4.4.1 Abundance In Universe
4.4.8 Abundance In Sun
~0.000004 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
4.5.4 Abundance In Meteorites
5.2.7 Abundance In Earth's Crust
5.5.3 Abundance In Oceans
6.2.2 Abundance In Humans
7 Uses
7.1 Uses & Benefits
- Gallium arsenide is a very important component of many semiconductors and led manufacturing.
- Gallium nitride is also know as a semiconductor and it is used in Blu-ray technology, mobile smartphones and LED.
- Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
7.1.1 Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
7.1.2 Medical Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
7.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
7.2 Biological Properties
7.2.1 Toxicity
7.2.2 Present in Human Body
7.2.3 In Blood
0.08 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
9.2.1 In Bone
10 Physical
10.1 Melting Point
29.78 °C1,227.00 °C
27
3410
11.2 Boiling Point
2,403.00 °C3,200.00 °C
147
5660
11.5 Appearance
11.5.1 Physical State
11.5.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
11.5.3 Luster
11.6 Hardness
11.6.1 Mohs Hardness
11.9.3 Brinell Hardness
12.1.2 Vickers Hardness
12.3 Speed of Sound
13.3 Optical Properties
13.3.1 Refractive Index
14.4.1 Reflectivity
14.8 Allotropes
14.8.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
14.8.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
14.8.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
15 Chemical
15.1 Chemical Formula
15.2 Isotopes
15.2.1 Known Isotopes
15.11 Electronegativity
15.11.1 Pauling Electronegativity
15.14.1 Sanderson Electronegativity
17.1.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
18.1.3 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
18.4.4 Allen Electronegativity
1.5 Electropositivity
1.5.1 Pauling Electropositivity
1.11 Ionization Energies
1.11.1 1st Energy Level
578.80 kJ/mol499.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
2.2.2 2nd Energy Level
1,979.30 kJ/mol1,170.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
2.7.2 3rd Energy Level
2,963.00 kJ/mol1,900.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
2.10.1 4th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol4,700.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
2.13.1 5th Energy Level
3.4.3 6th Energy Level
3.5.2 7th Energy level
3.8.1 8th Energy Level
4.2.1 9th Energy Level
5.2.1 10th Energy Level
6.2.1 11th Energy Level
7.1.7 12th Energy Level
7.5.1 13th Energy Level
8.2.6 14th Energy Level
8.5.4 15th Energy Level
8.5.7 16th Energy Level
11.1.1 17th Energy Level
11.3.2 18th Energy Level
11.7.2 19th Energy Level
11.8.3 20th Energy Level
11.11.2 21st Energy Level
11.14.1 22nd Energy Level
11.15.1 23rd Energy Level
12.2.2 24th Energy Level
12.3.2 25th Energy Level
12.3.6 26th Energy Level
12.4.4 27th Energy Level
12.6.4 28th Energy Level
13.1.1 29th Energy Level
13.3.2 30th Energy Level
13.4 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.87 g/amp-hr2.82 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
14.2 Electron Work Function
14.4 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
15 Atomic
15.1 Atomic Number
15.5 Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1
[Rn] 6d1 7s2
15.6 Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
15.6.1 Crystal Lattice
15.7 Atom
15.7.1 Number of Protons
16.2.1 Number of Neutrons
16.6.2 Number of Electrons
16.8 Radius of an Atom
16.8.1 Atomic Radius
135.00 pm195.00 pm
112
265
16.9.3 Covalent Radius
16.9.6 Van der Waals Radius
16.12 Atomic Weight
69.72 amu227.00 amu
6.94
294
16.16 Atomic Volume
11.80 cm3/mol22.54 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
16.20 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
16.20.1 Previous Element
16.20.2 Next Element
16.21 Valence Electron Potential
69.70 (-eV)38.60 (-eV)
8
392.42
17.2 Lattice Constant
451.97 pm567.00 pm
228.58
891.25
17.4 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
17.5 Lattice C/A Ratio
18 Mechanical
18.1 Density
18.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
5.91 g/cm310.00 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
18.2.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
18.3 Tensile Strength
18.4 Viscosity
18.6 Vapor Pressure
18.6.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
19.1.4 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
19.3 Elasticity properties
19.3.1 Shear Modulus
19.3.4 Bulk Modulus
20.2.1 Young's Modulus
20.4 Poisson Ratio
20.7 Other Mechanical Properties
21 Magnetic
21.1 Magnetic Characteristics
21.1.1 Specific Gravity
21.2.2 Magnetic Ordering
21.2.3 Permeability
21.2.5 Susceptibility
21.3 Electrical Properties
21.3.1 Electrical Property
21.3.2 Resistivity
21.4.1 Electrical Conductivity
0.07 106/cm ΩNA
0.00666
0.63
21.4.2 Electron Affinity
22 Thermal
22.1 Specific Heat
0.37 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
22.2 Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K27.20 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
22.3 Thermal Conductivity
40.60 W/m·K12.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
22.4 Critical Temperature
22.5 Thermal Expansion
22.6 Enthalpy
22.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
256.10 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
22.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
22.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
276.10 kJ/mol301.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
22.7 Standard Molar Entropy
40.80 J/mol.K56.50 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1