1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
Post-Transition
Actinide
1.6 CAS Number
744055310028145
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- A gram of Gallium metal can be bought for only three dollars.
- Gallium metal found in ores of following things Coal, Bauxite, Diaspore, Sphalerite, Germanite and Zinc.
- The most stable isotope of Nobelium metal is No-259.
- No-259 has a half-life of fifty-eight minutes.
3.2 Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Bombarding Curium-246 or Curium-249 with Carbon-12 Nuclei, Found in Minerals, Mining
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
3.3.2 Discovery
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
4.1.1 Abundance In Sun
~0.000004 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
4.2.1 Abundance In Meteorites
4.4.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
4.4.4 Abundance In Oceans
4.4.5 Abundance In Humans
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
- Gallium arsenide is a very important component of many semiconductors and led manufacturing.
- Gallium nitride is also know as a semiconductor and it is used in Blu-ray technology, mobile smartphones and LED.
- Currently known uses of Nobelium metal are limited to research purpose only.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
5.1.2 Medical Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
5.1.3 Other Uses
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.3 In Blood
0.08 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
5.3.1 In Bone
6 Physical
6.1 Melting Point
29.78 °C827.00 °C
27
3410
6.3 Boiling Point
7.3 Appearance
7.3.1 Physical State
7.3.2 Color
7.3.3 Luster
7.4 Hardness
7.4.1 Mohs Hardness
7.5.2 Brinell Hardness
7.5.4 Vickers Hardness
7.6 Speed of Sound
7.7 Optical Properties
7.7.1 Refractive Index
7.7.3 Reflectivity
7.8 Allotropes
7.9.2 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.9.3 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.9.4 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
8.4 Electronegativity
8.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
8.4.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
8.4.6 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
8.4.7 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
8.4.10 Allen Electronegativity
8.5 Electropositivity
8.5.1 Pauling Electropositivity
8.6 Ionization Energies
8.6.1 1st Energy Level
578.80 kJ/mol642.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
8.6.3 2nd Energy Level
1,979.30 kJ/mol1,254.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
8.6.5 3rd Energy Level
2,963.00 kJ/mol2,643.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
8.6.7 4th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol3,956.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
8.6.9 5th Energy Level
8.6.11 6th Energy Level
8.6.13 7th Energy level
8.6.15 8th Energy Level
8.6.18 9th Energy Level
8.6.20 10th Energy Level
8.6.22 11th Energy Level
8.6.24 12th Energy Level
8.6.27 13th Energy Level
8.6.30 14th Energy Level
8.6.32 15th Energy Level
8.6.34 16th Energy Level
8.6.37 17th Energy Level
8.6.39 18th Energy Level
8.6.41 19th Energy Level
8.7.1 20th Energy Level
8.8.1 21st Energy Level
8.8.2 22nd Energy Level
9.1.1 23rd Energy Level
9.1.2 24th Energy Level
9.4.2 25th Energy Level
9.4.3 26th Energy Level
9.4.5 27th Energy Level
9.4.6 28th Energy Level
9.4.8 29th Energy Level
9.4.9 30th Energy Level
9.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.87 g/amp-hr4.83 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
9.7 Electron Work Function
9.9 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
10 Atomic
10.1 Atomic Number
10.3 Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1
[Rn] 5f14 7s2
10.4 Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
Not Known
10.4.1 Crystal Lattice
10.5 Atom
10.5.1 Number of Protons
10.7.1 Number of Neutrons
10.8.1 Number of Electrons
10.11 Radius of an Atom
10.11.1 Atomic Radius
11.1.2 Covalent Radius
11.1.4 Van der Waals Radius
187.00 pm246.00 pm
139
348
11.3 Atomic Weight
69.72 amu259.00 amu
6.94
294
11.5 Atomic Volume
11.80 cm3/molNA
1.39
71.07
11.7 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
11.7.1 Previous Element
11.7.2 Next Element
11.8 Valence Electron Potential
69.70 (-eV)26.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
11.10 Lattice Constant
451.97 pmNA
228.58
891.25
11.11 Lattice Angles
11.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
12 Mechanical
12.1 Density
12.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
12.1.3 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.2 Tensile Strength
13.3 Viscosity
13.4 Vapor Pressure
13.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
13.5.3 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
13.6 Elasticity properties
13.6.1 Shear Modulus
13.6.3 Bulk Modulus
13.6.5 Young's Modulus
14.2 Poisson Ratio
14.4 Other Mechanical Properties
15 Magnetic
15.1 Magnetic Characteristics
15.1.1 Specific Gravity
15.2.1 Magnetic Ordering
15.2.2 Permeability
15.3.1 Susceptibility
15.4 Electrical Properties
15.4.1 Electrical Property
15.5.1 Resistivity
15.6.2 Electrical Conductivity
0.07 106/cm ΩNA
0.00666
0.63
15.6.4 Electron Affinity
16 Thermal
16.1 Specific Heat
16.2 Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·KNA
16.443
62.7
16.4 Thermal Conductivity
16.5 Critical Temperature
16.6 Thermal Expansion
16.7 Enthalpy
16.7.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
256.10 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
16.7.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
16.7.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
16.8 Standard Molar Entropy
40.80 J/mol.KNA
9.5
198.1