Group Number
Not Available
Element Family
Post-Transition
Lanthanide
Space Group Name
I4/mmm
P63/mmc
Interesting Facts
- Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
- Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.
- Thulium metal can resist corrosion due to dry air .
- Only Tm-169 isotope of Thulium metal occur naturally.
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Who Discovered
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter
Per Teodor Cleve
Discovery
In 1863
In 1879
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Uses & Benefits
- It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
- Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.
- Thulium metal produces isotopes that emits X-rays. This isotope is used in X-ray machine.
-
Thulium element is also used in Surgical equipment like laser.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry
NA
Medical Uses
Medical Research
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Unknown
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
Silvery Gray
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
Speed of Sound
Not Available
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
Pauling Electropositivity
Electrochemical Equivalent
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
[Xe] 4f13 6s2
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Indium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Thulium.jpg#100
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Shear Modulus
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available