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Indium
Indium

Curium
Curium



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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
In
Cm
1.2 Group Number
13NA
Gadolinium
0 17
1.3 Period Number
57
Lithium
2 7
1.4 Block
p block
f block
1.5 Element Family
Post-​Transition
Actinide
1.6 CAS Number
74407467440519
Aluminium
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
I4/mmm
Not Available
1.8 Space Group Number
139.00NA
Plutonium
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
  • Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.
  • Curium metal does not occur free in nature.
  • Curium metal is a synthetically produced metal.
2.2 Sources
Mining, Ores of metals
Bombarding Plutonium with Helium Ions
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Albert Ghiorso
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1863
In 1944
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-8 %NA
Thallium
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000004 %~-9999 %
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %NA
Gold
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %NA
Radium
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %NA
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
NANA
Radium
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
  • Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.
  • Curium metal is used to provide power to electrical equipment for space missions.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry
NA
3.1.2 Medical Uses
Medical Research
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors
Research Purposes
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Non Toxic
Unknown
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
NA0.00 p.p.m.
Plutonium
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
156.61 °C1,340.00 °C
Francium
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
2,000.00 °C3,110.00 °C
Flerovium
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silvery Gray
Silver
4.3.3 Luster
Lustrous
Metallic
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
1.20NA
Cesium
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
8.80 MPaNA
Cesium
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
NANA
Palladium
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
1,215.00 m/sNA
Thallium
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
NANA
Molybdenum
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
In
Cm
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
3515
Tennessine
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.781.30
Francium
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
2.14NA
Cesium
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.491.20
Cesium
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.76NA
Cesium
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
1.66NA
Cesium
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.222.70
Gold
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
558.30 kJ/mol581.00 kJ/mol
Cesium
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,820.70 kJ/mol1,196.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
2,704.00 kJ/mol2,026.00 kJ/mol
Osmium
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
5,210.00 kJ/mol3,550.00 kJ/mol
Thorium
2780 37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
NANA
Dubnium
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
NANA
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
14110 134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium
17100 144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
19900 169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
22219 189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
26930 76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
29196 86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese
41987 97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron
47206 109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt
52737 122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel
58570 134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper
64702 148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
80400 171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
87000 179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
93400 184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
98420 198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
104400 195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
121900 121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
127700 127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
133800 133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
139800 139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
148100 148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
154500 154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.43 g/amp-hr3.07 g/amp-hr
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
4.12 eVNA
Cesium
2.14 5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
4996
Lithium
3 117
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
[Rn] 5f7 6d1 7s2
6.3 Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
4996
Lithium
3 117
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
66151
Lithium
4 184
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
4996
Lithium
3 117
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
167.00 pm174.00 pm
Beryllium
112 265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
142.00 pm169.00 pm
Beryllium
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
193.00 pm200.00 pm
Zinc
139 348
6.6 Atomic Weight
114.82 amu247.00 amu
Lithium
6.94 294
6.7 Atomic Volume
15.70 cm3/mol18.28 cm3/mol
Manganese
1.39 71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
54.00 (-eV)44.50 (-eV)
Francium
8 392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
325.23 pmNA
Beryllium
228.58 891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
NA
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
Beryllium
1.567 1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
7.31 g/cm313.51 g/cm3
Lithium
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.02 g/cm313.85 g/cm3
Lithium
0.512 20
7.2 Tensile Strength
2.50 MPaNA
Gold
2.5 11000
7.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.01 (Pa)NA
Cerium
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NANA
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
NANA
Potassium
1.3 222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
NANA
Cesium
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
11.00 GPaNA
Cesium
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
NANA
Beryllium
0.032 0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Unknown
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
7.3113.51
Lithium
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Antiferromagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Unknown
8.2.2 Resistivity
83.70 nΩ·m1.25 nΩ·m
Thallium
0.18 961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.12 106/cm ΩNA
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
28.90 kJ/molNA
Mercury
0 222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)NA
Americium
0.11 3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
26.74 J/mol·KNA
Beryllium
16.443 62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
81.80 W/m·KNA
Neptunium
6.3 429
9.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium
26.3 3223
9.5 Thermal Expansion
32.10 µm/(m·K)NA
Tungsten
4.5 97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
226.40 kJ/molNA
Zinc
7.32 799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
3.28 kJ/mol15.00 kJ/mol
Cesium
2.1 35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
242.70 kJ/molNA
Mercury
61.5 837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
57.80 J/mol.KNA
Beryllium
9.5 198.1