1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
1.6 CAS Number
74398857440097
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
- Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
- In the list of most abundant element Potassium is ranked 7th.
- Potassium can easily be sliced (chopped) down using knife.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant
Humphry Davy
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %3 * 10-4 %
5E-09
0.11
2.4.4 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %~0.0004 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Meteorites
2.4.8 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.4.10 Abundance In Oceans
2.4.12 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
- Potassium’s compounds are in high demand for their application in Fertilizer manufacturing.
- Potassium carbonate is used in glass manufacturing and Potassium carbonate in manufacturing detergent and body wash.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
Pharmaceutical Industry
3.1.3 Other Uses
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
NA1,620.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
3.2.5 In Bone
NA2,100.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
2,410.00 °C63.65 °C
27
3410
4.2 Boiling Point
4,527.00 °C774.00 °C
147
5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
4.3.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery Gray
4.3.3 Luster
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
4.4.4 Brinell Hardness
1,670.00 MPa0.36 MPa
0.14
3490
4.4.6 Vickers Hardness
4.5 Speed of Sound
4,825.00 m/s2,000.00 m/s
818
16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
4.6.3 Reflectivity
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
5.3.4 Sanderson Electronegativity
5.3.6 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
5.3.8 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
5.4.1 Allen Electronegativity
5.5 Electropositivity
5.5.1 Pauling Electropositivity
5.7 Ionization Energies
5.7.1 1st Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol418.80 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
6.1.1 2nd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol3,052.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
6.1.2 3rd Energy Level
NA4,420.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
6.4.2 4th Energy Level
NA5,877.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
6.4.4 5th Energy Level
NA7,975.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
6.4.6 6th Energy Level
NA9,590.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
6.4.7 7th Energy level
NA11,343.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
6.5.2 8th Energy Level
NA14,944.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
6.5.4 9th Energy Level
NA16,963.70 kJ/mol
14110
134700
6.5.6 10th Energy Level
NA48,610.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
6.6.1 11th Energy Level
NA54,490.00 kJ/mol
19900
169988
6.6.2 12th Energy Level
NA60,730.00 kJ/mol
22219
189368
6.7.1 13th Energy Level
NA68,950.00 kJ/mol
26930
76015
6.9.1 14th Energy Level
NA75,900.00 kJ/mol
29196
86450
6.10.1 15th Energy Level
NA83,080.00 kJ/mol
41987
97510
6.10.2 16th Energy Level
NA93,400.00 kJ/mol
47206
109480
6.12.1 17th Energy Level
NA99,710.00 kJ/mol
52737
122200
7.1.2 18th Energy Level
7.1.3 19th Energy Level
7.1.5 20th Energy Level
7.2.1 21st Energy Level
7.2.2 22nd Energy Level
7.3.1 23rd Energy Level
7.4.2 24th Energy Level
7.4.3 25th Energy Level
7.4.5 26th Energy Level
7.5.2 27th Energy Level
7.5.3 28th Energy Level
7.5.5 29th Energy Level
7.5.6 30th Energy Level
7.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr1.46 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
7.8 Electron Work Function
7.9 Other Chemical Properties
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
8 Atomic
8.1 Atomic Number
9.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2
[Ar] 4s1
9.3 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
9.3.2 Crystal Lattice
9.4 Atom
9.4.1 Number of Protons
9.4.3 Number of Neutrons
9.5.3 Number of Electrons
9.6 Radius of an Atom
9.6.1 Atomic Radius
136.00 pm227.00 pm
112
265
9.6.2 Covalent Radius
141.00 pm203.00 pm
96
260
9.6.4 Van der Waals Radius
202.00 pm275.00 pm
139
348
10.2 Atomic Weight
192.22 amu39.10 amu
6.94
294
10.4 Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol45.46 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
10.6 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
10.6.1 Previous Element
10.6.2 Next Element
10.7 Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)10.40 (-eV)
8
392.42
10.9 Lattice Constant
383.90 pm532.80 pm
228.58
891.25
10.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
10.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
11 Mechanical
11.1 Density
11.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
22.56 g/cm30.86 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
11.2.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.00 g/cm30.83 g/cm3
0.512
20
11.3 Tensile Strength
11.4 Viscosity
11.5 Vapor Pressure
11.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
11.6.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
11.7 Elasticity properties
11.7.1 Shear Modulus
210.00 GPa1.30 GPa
1.3
222
11.7.2 Bulk Modulus
320.00 GPa3.10 GPa
1.6
462
11.7.3 Young's Modulus
528.00 GPa3.53 GPa
1.7
528
11.8 Poisson Ratio
11.9 Other Mechanical Properties
12 Magnetic
12.1 Magnetic Characteristics
12.1.1 Specific Gravity
12.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
12.1.3 Permeability
12.1.4 Susceptibility
12.2 Electrical Properties
12.2.1 Electrical Property
12.2.2 Resistivity
47.10 nΩ·m72.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
12.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω0.14 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
12.2.4 Electron Affinity
151.00 kJ/mol48.40 kJ/mol
0
222.8
13 Thermal
13.1 Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)0.75 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
13.2 Molar Heat Capacity
25.10 J/mol·K29.60 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
13.3 Thermal Conductivity
147.00 W/m·K102.50 W/m·K
6.3
429
13.4 Critical Temperature
13.5 Thermal Expansion
6.40 µm/(m·K)83.30 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
13.6 Enthalpy
13.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol77.50 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
13.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol2.32 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
13.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol89.50 kJ/mol
61.5
837
13.7 Standard Molar Entropy
35.50 J/mol.K64.70 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1