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Iron vs Rutherfordium

Iron
Rutherfordium
Rutherfordium vs Iron


Periodic Table
Symbol
Fe  
Rf  
Group Number
8  
10
4  
14
Period Number
4  
7  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7439896  
99+
53850365  
13
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
-  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
  • The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
  
  • Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
  • Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals  
Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research  
Discovery
Before 5000 BC  
In 1964  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.11 %  
1
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.10 %  
1
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
22.00 %  
1
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
6.30 %  
2
-  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
12
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.01 %  
6
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
  • Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
  
  • Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues  
Alloys, Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
3
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
380.00 p.p.m.  
5
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,535.00 °C  
25
2,100.00 °C  
11
Boiling Point
2,750.00 °C  
39
5,500.00 °C  
3
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Gray  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
4.00  
11
-  
Brinell Hardness
200.00 MPa  
99+
1,300.00 MPa  
9
Vickers Hardness
608.00 MPa  
27
550.00 MPa  
31
Speed of Sound
5,120.00 m/s  
12
6,100.00 m/s  
5
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.60  
4
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
65.00 %  
18
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
Yes  
No  
α Allotropes
Ferrite (alpha Iron)  
-  
β Allotropes
beta Iron  
-  
γ Allotropes
gamma Iron  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Fe  
Rf  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
26  
13
13  
26
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.83  
15
0.00  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20  
8
1.90  
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.64  
9
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.83  
16
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
1.80  
15
0.90  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.17  
99+
2.20  
39
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
762.50 kJ/mol  
17
579.90 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,561.90 kJ/mol  
37
1,389.40 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,957.00 kJ/mol  
29
2,296.40 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
5,290.00 kJ/mol  
25
3,077.90 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,240.00 kJ/mol  
25
5,790.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
9,560.00 kJ/mol  
20
11,600.00 kJ/mol  
7
7th Energy level
12,060.00 kJ/mol  
15
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
14,580.00 kJ/mol  
14
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
22,540.00 kJ/mol  
5
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
25,290.00 kJ/mol  
8
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
28,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
31,920.00 kJ/mol  
31
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
34,830.00 kJ/mol  
9
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
37,840.00 kJ/mol  
11
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
44,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
58,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
47,206.00 kJ/mol  
99+
58,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
122,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
579.90 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
131,000.00 kJ/mol  
2
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
140,500.00 kJ/mol  
3
579.90 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
152,600.00 kJ/mol  
5
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
163,000.00 kJ/mol  
5
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
22nd Energy Level
173,600.00 kJ/mol  
4
579.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
188,100.00 kJ/mol  
4
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
24th Energy Level
195,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
579.10 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
762.00 kJ/mol  
15
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
762.50 kJ/mol  
15
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
762.50 kJ/mol  
14
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
762.50 kJ/mol  
20
840.00 kJ/mol  
14
29th Energy Level
762.50 kJ/mol  
20
580.60 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
762.00 kJ/mol  
15
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.69 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
4.70 eV  
15
6.00 eV  
1
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
26  
99+
104  
14
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d6 4s2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
26  
99+
104  
14
Number of Neutrons
30  
99+
157  
8
Number of Electrons
26  
99+
104  
14
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
126.00 pm  
99+
150.00 pm  
35
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm  
99+
157.00 pm  
33
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
250.00 pm  
10
Atomic Weight
55.85 amu  
99+
267.00 amu  
11
Atomic Volume
7.10 cm3/mol  
99+
23.20 cm3/mol  
15
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Manganese
  
Lawrencium
  
Next Element
Cobalt
  
Dubnium
  
Valence Electron Potential
67.00 (-eV)  
20
6.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
286.65 pm  
99+
-  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.35  
99+
1.60  
22
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.87 g/cm3  
99+
23.20 g/cm3  
8
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.98 g/cm3  
99+
23.20 g/cm3  
9
Tensile Strength
11,000.00 MPa  
1
23.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
19
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
36.80 (Pa)  
5
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
82.00 GPa  
11
23.00 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
170.00 GPa  
10
0.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
211.00 GPa  
9
12.80 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.29  
15
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.20  
99+
23.00  
10
Magnetic Ordering
Ferromagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.01 H/m  
1
0.00 H/m  
10
Susceptibility
200,000.00  
1
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
96.10 nΩ·m  
32
0.29 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω  
24
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
15.70 kJ/mol  
40
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.44 J/(kg K)  
13
0.27 J/(kg K)  
19
Molar Heat Capacity
25.10 J/mol·K  
99+
23.20 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
80.40 W/m·K  
22
0.23 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,811.00 K  
29
2,400.00 K  
12
Thermal Expansion
11.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
23.20 µm/(m·K)  
17
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
351.00 kJ/mol  
33
580.00 kJ/mol  
12
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.90 kJ/mol  
23
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
414.20 kJ/mol  
24
580.00 kJ/mol  
14
Standard Molar Entropy
27.30 J/mol.K  
99+
57.60 J/mol.K  
28
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