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La Element
Lanthanum


Periodic Table
Symbol
La
Group Number
3 15
Period Number
6 2
Block
f block
Element Family
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7439910 87
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00 7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Lanthanum metal is highly malleable, ductile and sectile.
  • If exposed to air Lanthanum metal oxidizes rapidly.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Discovery
In 1838
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 % 23
Abundance In Sun
0.00 % 25
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 % 32
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 % 19
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 % 29
Abundance In Humans
0.00 % 24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It has no commercial uses, but its alloys are in high demand. Lanthanum and Nickel alloy is used for the hydrogen gas storage.
  • The best-known use for mischmetal alloy of Lanthanum is; as a ‘flints’ for cigarette lighters.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
-
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3 32
In Bone
0.08 p.p.m. 29
Physical
Melting Point
920.00 °C 49
Boiling Point
3,469.00 °C 19
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Luster
-
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
2.50 15
Brinell Hardness
350.00 MPa 36
Vickers Hardness
360.00 MPa 42
Speed of Sound
2,475.00 m/s 53
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.80 22
Reflectivity
70.00 % 13
Allotropes
No
α Allotropes
-
β Allotropes
-
γ Allotropes
-
Chemical
Chemical Formula
La
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
31 8
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.10 45
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.10 38
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.08 32
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.10 44
Allen Electronegativity
1.10 55
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.90 10
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol 75
2nd Energy Level
1,067.00 kJ/mol 77
3rd Energy Level
1,850.30 kJ/mol 84
4th Energy Level
4,819.00 kJ/mol 32
5th Energy Level
5,940.00 kJ/mol 48
6th Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol 80
7th Energy level
5,380.00 kJ/mol 71
8th Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol 69
9th Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol 68
10th Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol 67
11th Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol 72
12th Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol 75
13th Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol 64
14th Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol 51
15th Energy Level
53,800.00 kJ/mol 64
16th Energy Level
53,800.00 kJ/mol 52
17th Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol 80
18th Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol 66
19th Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol 79
20th Energy Level
538.00 kJ/mol 69
21st Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol 80
22nd Energy Level
538.00 kJ/mol 64
23rd Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol 25
24th Energy Level
538.00 kJ/mol 75
25th Energy Level
538.00 kJ/mol 67
26th Energy Level
538.00 kJ/mol 76
27th Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol 71
28th Energy Level
538.00 kJ/mol 74
29th Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol 77
30th Energy Level
538.00 kJ/mol 71
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.73 g/amp-hr 46
Electron Work Function
3.50 eV 42
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic
Atomic Number
57 59
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 5d2 6s2
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Lanthanum.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
57 58
Number of Neutrons
82 42
Number of Electrons
57 58
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
187.00 pm 10
Covalent Radius
207.00 pm 6
Van der Waals Radius
240.00 pm 17
Atomic Weight
138.91 amu 53
Atomic Volume
20.73 cm3/mol 26
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
28
Next Element
49
Valence Electron Potential
40.71 (-eV) 47
Lattice Constant
377.20 pm 31
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62 16
Mechanical
Density
Density At Room Temperature
6.16 g/cm3 70
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.94 g/cm3 73
Tensile Strength
45.00 MPa 40
Viscosity
0.00 25
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa) 22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.98 (Pa) 15
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
14.30 GPa 51
Bulk Modulus
27.90 GPa 52
Young's Modulus
36.60 GPa 47
Poisson Ratio
0.28 17
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
6.17 68
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m 15
Susceptibility
0.00 25
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Resistivity
615.00 nΩ·m 7
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω 56
Electron Affinity
48.00 kJ/mol 28
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K) 33
Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K 27
Thermal Conductivity
13.40 W/m·K 58
Critical Temperature
1,193.00 K 53
Thermal Expansion
12.10 µm/(m·K) 43
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
399.60 kJ/mol 24
Enthalpy of Fusion
6.20 kJ/mol 56
Enthalpy of Atomization
431.00 kJ/mol 21
Standard Molar Entropy
56.90 J/mol.K 31
Summary >>
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