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Lanthanum
Lanthanum

Gold
Gold



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Lanthanum
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Lanthanum Gold Comparison

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
La
Au
1.2 Group Number
NA11
Gadolinium Metal
0 17
1.4 Period Number
66
Lithium Metal
2 7
1.6 Block
f block
d block
1.7 Element Family
Lanthanide
Transition Metal
1.9 CAS Number
74399107440575
Aluminium Metal
7429905 54386242
2.2 Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Fm_ 3m
2.3 Space Group Number
194.00225.00
Plutonium Metal
11 229
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
  • Lanthanum metal is highly malleable, ductile and sectile.
  • If exposed to air Lanthanum metal oxidizes rapidly.
  • It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
  • It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
  • Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
3.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Unknown
3.3.2 Discovery
In 1838
Before 6000 BCE
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %6 * 10-8 %
Thallium Metal
5E-09 0.11
3.4.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %~0.0000001 %
Beryllium Metal
1E-08 0.1
3.5.1 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %0.00 %
Palladium
1.7E-07 22
3.6.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %0.00 %
Radium Metal
9.9E-12 8.1
3.7.2 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %0.00 %
Protactinium Metal
2E-23 1.1
3.7.3 Abundance In Humans
NA0.00 %
Radium Metal
1E-13 1.4
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
  • It has no commercial uses, but its alloys are in high demand. Lanthanum and Nickel alloy is used for the hydrogen gas storage.
  • The best-known use for mischmetal alloy of Lanthanum is; as a ‘flints’ for cigarette lighters.
  • Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
  • It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
4.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
4.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
Low Toxic
Non Toxic
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium Metal
0 1970
4.3.2 In Bone
0.08 p.p.m.0.02 p.p.m.
Plutonium Metal
0 170000
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
920.00 °C1,064.43 °C
Francium Metal
27 3410
5.2 Boiling Point
3,469.00 °C2,807.00 °C
Flerovium Metal
147 5660
5.3 Appearance
5.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
5.3.2 Color
Silvery White
Gold
5.3.3 Luster
NA
Metallic
5.4 Hardness
5.4.1 Mohs Hardness
2.502.50
Cesium Metal
0.2 8.5
5.5.1 Brinell Hardness
350.00 MPa194.00 MPa
Cesium Metal
0.14 3490
6.1.2 Vickers Hardness
360.00 MPa216.00 MPa
Palladium Metal
121 3430
6.2 Speed of Sound
2,475.00 m/s2,030.00 m/s
Thallium Metal
818 16200
6.3 Optical Properties
6.3.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury Metal
1.000933 1.7229
6.3.3 Reflectivity
NA95.00 %
Molybdenum Metal
58 97
6.5 Allotropes
6.5.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6.5.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6.5.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7 Chemical
7.1 Chemical Formula
La
Au
7.2 Isotopes
7.2.1 Known Isotopes
3136
Tennessine Metal
0 38
7.3 Electronegativity
7.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.102.54
Francium Metal
0.7 2.54
7.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
NANA
Cesium Metal
0.22 2.56
7.3.4 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.081.42
Cesium Metal
0.86 1.82
8.1.1 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
NA1.87
Cesium Metal
0.62 2.48
8.2.1 Allen Electronegativity
NA1.92
Cesium Metal
0.659 2.7
8.3 Electropositivity
8.3.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.901.46
Palladium
1.46 3.3
8.5 Ionization Energies
8.5.1 1st Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol890.10 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
375.7 26130
8.6.1 2nd Energy Level
1,067.00 kJ/mol1,980.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium Metal
710.2162 28750
8.6.2 3rd Energy Level
1,850.30 kJ/molNA
Osmium Metal
1600 34230
8.7.1 4th Energy Level
4,819.00 kJ/molNA
Thorium Metal
2780 37066
8.8.2 5th Energy Level
5,940.00 kJ/molNA
Dubnium Metal
4305.2 97510
8.8.3 6th Energy Level
NANA
Seaborgium Metal
5715.8 105800
8.8.5 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium Metal
7226.8 114300
8.8.6 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium Metal
8857.4 125300
8.8.8 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
14110 134700
8.8.9 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium Metal
17100 144300
8.9.1 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
19900 169988
8.9.2 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
22219 189368
8.9.3 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
26930 76015
8.9.4 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
29196 86450
8.9.5 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese Metal
41987 97510
8.9.6 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron Metal
47206 109480
8.9.7 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt Metal
52737 122200
8.9.8 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel Metal
58570 134810
8.9.9 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper Metal
64702 148700
8.9.10 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
80400 171200
8.9.11 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
87000 179100
8.9.12 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
93400 184900
8.9.13 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
98420 198800
8.9.14 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
104400 195200
8.9.15 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
121900 121900
8.9.16 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
127700 127700
8.9.17 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
133800 133800
8.9.18 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
139800 139800
8.9.19 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
148100 148100
8.9.20 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
154500 154500
8.10 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.73 g/amp-hr2.45 g/amp-hr
Beryllium Metal
0.16812 8.3209
8.11 Electron Work Function
3.50 eV5.10 eV
Cesium Metal
2.14 5.65
8.12 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
9 Atomic
9.1 Atomic Number
5779
Lithium Metal
3 117
9.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 5d2 6s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1
9.3 Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
9.3.1 Crystal Lattice
9.4 Atom
9.4.1 Number of Protons
5779
Lithium Metal
3 117
9.4.2 Number of Neutrons
82118
Lithium Metal
4 184
9.4.3 Number of Electrons
5779
Lithium Metal
3 117
9.5 Radius of an Atom
9.5.1 Atomic Radius
187.00 pm151.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
112 265
9.5.2 Covalent Radius
207.00 pm144.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
96 260
9.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
240.00 pm166.00 pm
Zinc Metal
139 348
9.6 Atomic Weight
138.91 amu196.97 amu
Lithium Metal
6.94 294
9.7 Atomic Volume
20.73 cm3/mol10.20 cm3/mol
Manganese Metal
1.39 71.07
9.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
9.8.1 Previous Element
9.8.2 Next Element
9.9 Valence Electron Potential
40.71 (-eV)43.40 (-eV)
Francium Metal
8 392.42
9.10 Lattice Constant
377.20 pm407.82 pm
Beryllium Metal
228.58 891.25
9.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
9.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
1.621.61
Beryllium Metal
1.567 1.886
10 Mechanical
10.1 Density
10.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
6.16 g/cm319.30 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.534 40.7
10.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.94 g/cm317.31 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.512 20
10.2 Tensile Strength
NA120.00 MPa
Indium Metal
2.5 11000
10.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury Metal
0.001526 0.001526
10.4 Vapor Pressure
10.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NA0.00 (Pa)
Cerium Metal
2.47E-11 121
10.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)67.00 (Pa)
Tungsten Metal
2.62E-10 774
10.5 Elasticity properties
10.5.1 Shear Modulus
14.30 GPa27.00 GPa
Potassium Metal
1.3 222
10.5.2 Bulk Modulus
27.90 GPa180.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.6 462
10.5.3 Young's Modulus
36.60 GPa79.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.7 528
10.6 Poisson Ratio
0.280.40
Beryllium Metal
0.032 0.47
10.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Ductile, Malleable
11 Magnetic
11.1 Magnetic Characteristics
11.1.1 Specific Gravity
6.1719.32
Lithium Metal
0.53 4500
11.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
11.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth Metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063
11.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth Metal
-0.000166 200000
11.2 Electrical Properties
11.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
11.2.2 Resistivity
615.00 nΩ·m2.20 nΩ·m
Thallium Metal
0.18 961
11.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω0.45 106/cm Ω
Plutonium Metal
0.00666 0.63
11.2.4 Electron Affinity
48.00 kJ/mol222.80 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
0 222.8
12 Thermal
12.1 Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)0.13 J/(kg K)
Americium Metal
0.11 3.6
12.2 Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K25.42 J/mol·K
Beryllium Metal
16.443 62.7
12.3 Thermal Conductivity
13.40 W/m·K318.00 W/m·K
Neptunium Metal
6.3 429
12.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium Metal
26.3 3223
12.5 Thermal Expansion
12.10 µm/(m·K)14.20 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten Metal
4.5 97
12.6 Enthalpy
12.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
399.60 kJ/mol324.40 kJ/mol
Zinc Metal
7.32 799.1
12.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
6.20 kJ/mol12.55 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
2.1 35.23
12.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
431.00 kJ/mol364.00 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
61.5 837
12.7 Standard Molar Entropy
56.90 J/mol.K47.40 J/mol.K
Beryllium Metal
9.5 198.1