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Lanthanum
Lanthanum

Rhodium
Rhodium



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Lanthanum vs Rhodium

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
La
Rh
1.2 Group Number
NA9
Gadolinium
0 17
1.3 Period Number
65
Lithium
2 7
1.4 Block
f block
d block
1.5 Element Family
Lanthanide
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
74399107440166
Aluminium
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Fm_ 3m
1.8 Space Group Number
194.00225.00
Plutonium
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Lanthanum metal is highly malleable, ductile and sectile.
  • If exposed to air Lanthanum metal oxidizes rapidly.
  • Rhodium is the rarest element out of all non-radioactive metals on the earth .
  • Rhodium is one of the most durable and hard metal, which also have high reflectance.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander
William Hyde Wollaston
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1838
In 1804
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %6 * 10-8 %
Thallium
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %~0.0000002 %
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %0.00 %
Gold
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %0.00 %
Radium
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %NA
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
NANA
Radium
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • It has no commercial uses, but its alloys are in high demand. Lanthanum and Nickel alloy is used for the hydrogen gas storage.
  • The best-known use for mischmetal alloy of Lanthanum is; as a ‘flints’ for cigarette lighters.
  • Rhodium metal is mainly used in catalytic converters for cars as it reduces nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases.
  • It is used as an industrial catalyst for nitric acid, acetic acid, hydrogenation reaction, etc.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Low Toxic
NA
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
NANA
Plutonium
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
0.08 p.p.m.NA
Plutonium
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
920.00 °C1,966.00 °C
Francium
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
3,469.00 °C3,727.00 °C
Flerovium
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
4.3.3 Luster
NA
Metallic
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
2.506.00
Cesium
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
350.00 MPa980.00 MPa
Cesium
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
360.00 MPa1,100.00 MPa
Palladium
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
2,475.00 m/s4,700.00 m/s
Thallium
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
NA84.00 %
Molybdenum
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
La
Rh
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
3116
Tennessine
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.102.28
Francium
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
NANA
Cesium
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.081.45
Cesium
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
NANA
Cesium
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
NA1.56
Cesium
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.901.72
Gold
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol719.70 kJ/mol
Cesium
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,067.00 kJ/mol1,740.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
1,850.30 kJ/mol2,997.00 kJ/mol
Osmium
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
4,819.00 kJ/molNA
Thorium
2780 37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
5,940.00 kJ/molNA
Dubnium
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
NANA
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
14110 134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium
17100 144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
19900 169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
22219 189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
26930 76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
29196 86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese
41987 97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron
47206 109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt
52737 122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel
58570 134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper
64702 148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
80400 171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
87000 179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
93400 184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
98420 198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
104400 195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
121900 121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
127700 127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
133800 133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
139800 139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
148100 148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
154500 154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.73 g/amp-hr1.28 g/amp-hr
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
3.50 eV4.98 eV
Cesium
2.14 5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
5745
Lithium
3 117
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 5d2 6s2
[Kr] 4d8 5s1
6.3 Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
5745
Lithium
3 117
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
8258
Lithium
4 184
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
5745
Lithium
3 117
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
187.00 pm134.00 pm
Beryllium
112 265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
207.00 pm142.00 pm
Beryllium
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
240.00 pm200.00 pm
Zinc
139 348
6.6 Atomic Weight
138.91 amu102.91 amu
Lithium
6.94 294
6.7 Atomic Volume
20.73 cm3/mol8.30 cm3/mol
Manganese
1.39 71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
40.71 (-eV)64.00 (-eV)
Francium
8 392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
377.20 pm380.34 pm
Beryllium
228.58 891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62NA
Beryllium
1.567 1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
6.16 g/cm312.41 g/cm3
Lithium
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.94 g/cm310.70 g/cm3
Lithium
0.512 20
7.2 Tensile Strength
NA951.00 MPa
Indium
2.5 11000
7.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NANA
Cerium
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)0.02 (Pa)
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
14.30 GPa150.00 GPa
Potassium
1.3 222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
27.90 GPa275.00 GPa
Cesium
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
36.60 GPa380.00 GPa
Cesium
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
0.280.26
Beryllium
0.032 0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Malleable
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
6.1712.41
Lithium
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
615.00 nΩ·m43.30 nΩ·m
Thallium
0.18 961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω0.21 106/cm Ω
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
48.00 kJ/mol109.70 kJ/mol
Mercury
0 222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)0.24 J/(kg K)
Americium
0.11 3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K24.98 J/mol·K
Beryllium
16.443 62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
13.40 W/m·K150.00 W/m·K
Neptunium
6.3 429
9.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium
26.3 3223
9.5 Thermal Expansion
12.10 µm/(m·K)8.20 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten
4.5 97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
399.60 kJ/mol495.40 kJ/mol
Zinc
7.32 799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
6.20 kJ/mol21.76 kJ/mol
Cesium
2.1 35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
431.00 kJ/mol556.50 kJ/mol
Mercury
61.5 837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
56.90 J/mol.K31.50 J/mol.K
Beryllium
9.5 198.1