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Lead vs Copernicium


Copernicium vs Lead


Periodic Table

Symbol
Pb   
Cn   

Group Number
14   
4
12   
6

Period Number
6   
7   

Block
p block   
d block   

Element Family
Post-​Transition   
Transition Metal   

CAS Number
7439921   
99+
54084263   
7

Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
Not Available   

Space Group Number
225.00   
2
Not Available   

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Galena mineral contains almost 87% of Lead metal in it, Galena is sulfide mineral.
  • The best available source of Lead metal today is by recycling automobile batteries.
  
Not Available   

Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals   
Synthetically Produced   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Unknown   
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung   

Discovery
In Middle Easterns (7000 BCE)   
In 1996   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %   
16
Not Available   

Abundance In Sun
~0.000001 %   
18
~-9999 %   

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
23
Not Available   

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
26
Not Available   

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
22
Not Available   

Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
8
Not Available   

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • It is also used in insecticides, hair dyes and as an anti-knocking additive for petrol. But all these are banned by the government as Lead metal is known for detrimental to health.
  
  • Currently known uses of Copernicium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  

Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
NA   

Medical Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
NA   

Other Uses
Alloys   
Research Purposes   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Toxic   
Unknown   

Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   

In Blood
0.21 Blood/mg dm-3   
11
Not Available   

In Bone
30.00 p.p.m.   
10
Not Available   

Physical Properties

Melting Point
327.50 °C   
99+
Not Available   

Boiling Point
1,740.00 °C   
99+
Not Available   

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Gray   
Unknown   

Luster
Metallic   
Unknown Luster   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
1.50   
18
Not Available   

Brinell Hardness
38.00 MPa   
99+
Not Available   

Speed of Sound
1,190.00 m/s   
99+
Not Available   

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Pb   
Cn   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
35   
4
1   
34

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.87   
13
Not Available   

Sanderson Electronegativity
2.29   
4
Not Available   

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.55   
11
Not Available   

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.41   
2
Not Available   

Allen Electronegativity
1.85   
8
Not Available   

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
1.67   
99+
Not Available   

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol   
31
1,154.90 kJ/mol   
2

2nd Energy Level
1,450.50 kJ/mol   
99+
2,170.00 kJ/mol   
9

3rd Energy Level
3,081.50 kJ/mol   
23
4,245.40 kJ/mol   
9

4th Energy Level
4,083.00 kJ/mol   
35
5,499.70 kJ/mol   
14

5th Energy Level
6,640.00 kJ/mol   
20
Not Available   

Electrochemical Equivalent
3.87 g/amp-hr   
9
Not Available   

Electron Work Function
4.25 eV   
21
Not Available   

Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
82   
34
112   
6

Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2   
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2   

Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   

Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Lead.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
82   
34
112   
6

Number of Neutrons
125   
19
Not Available   

Number of Electrons
82   
34
112   
6

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
175.00 pm   
19
147.00 pm   
34

Covalent Radius
146.00 pm   
38
122.00 pm   
99+

Van der Waals Radius
202.00 pm   
27
Not Available   

Atomic Weight
207.20 amu   
30
285.00 amu   
5

Atomic Volume
18.17 cm3/mol   
27
Not Available   

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Thallium
  

Next Element
Bismuth
  
Nihonium
  

Valence Electron Potential
24.20 (-eV)   
99+
Not Available   

Lattice Constant
495.08 pm   
16
Not Available   

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
11.34 g/cm3   
33
23.70 g/cm3   
7

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.66 g/cm3   
15
Not Available   

Tensile Strength
12.00 MPa   
20
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
1.64 (Pa)   
7
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
5.60 GPa   
99+
Not Available   

Bulk Modulus
46.00 GPa   
24
Not Available   

Young's Modulus
16.00 GPa   
99+
Not Available   

Poisson Ratio
0.44   
3
Not Available   

Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Unknown   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
11.35   
25
Not Available   

Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Unknown   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Poor Conductor   
Unknown   

Resistivity
208.00 nΩ·m   
16
Not Available   

Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω   
36
Not Available   

Electron Affinity
35.10 kJ/mol   
28
Not Available   

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Not Available   

Molar Heat Capacity
26.65 J/mol·K   
26
Not Available   

Thermal Conductivity
35.30 W/m·K   
38
Not Available   

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
28.90 µm/(m·K)   
13
Not Available   

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
179.40 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   

Enthalpy of Fusion
4.77 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   

Enthalpy of Atomization
194.60 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   

Standard Molar Entropy
64.80 J/mol.K   
17
Not Available   

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