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Lead vs Darmstadtium

Lead
Darmstadtium
Darmstadtium vs Lead


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pb  
Ds  
Group Number
14  
4
10  
8
Period Number
6  
7  
Block
p block  
d block  
Element Family
Post-​Transition  
Probably Transition  
CAS Number
7439921  
99+
54083771  
8
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
-  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Galena mineral contains almost 87% of Lead metal in it, Galena is sulfide mineral.
  • The best available source of Lead metal today is by recycling automobile batteries.
  
Darmstadtium is a synthetic element that is highly radioactive.  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung  
Discovery
In Middle Easterns (7000 BCE)  
In 1994  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
17
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
18
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
26
-  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
22
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
9
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is also used in insecticides, hair dyes and as an anti-knocking additive for petrol. But all these are banned by the government as Lead metal is known for detrimental to health.
  
  • Currently known uses of Darmstadtium metal are limited to research purpose only. As only few atoms of this metal are produced.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.21 Blood/mg dm-3  
11
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
30.00 p.p.m.  
10
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
327.50 °C  
99+
-  
Boiling Point
1,740.00 °C  
99+
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Gray  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.50  
19
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
38.00 MPa  
99+
350.00 MPa  
36
Vickers Hardness
38.00 MPa  
99+
500.00 MPa  
35
Speed of Sound
1,190.00 m/s  
99+
5,090.00 m/s  
13
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.02  
14
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
5.00 %  
39
50.00 %  
31
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Pb  
Ds  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
9  
29
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.87  
14
1.10  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.29  
4
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.55  
12
1.10  
31
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.41  
2
1.10  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.85  
11
1.10  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.67  
99+
2.20  
39
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
31
955.20 kJ/mol  
5
2nd Energy Level
1,450.50 kJ/mol  
99+
1,891.10 kJ/mol  
16
3rd Energy Level
3,081.50 kJ/mol  
23
3,029.60 kJ/mol  
25
4th Energy Level
4,083.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,955.90 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
6,640.00 kJ/mol  
32
5,113.70 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10,700.00 kJ/mol  
12
7th Energy level
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
36
3,540.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
32
6,630.00 kJ/mol  
40
9th Energy Level
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
30
7,180.00 kJ/mol  
29
10th Energy Level
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
34
10,700.00 kJ/mol  
20
11th Energy Level
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
33
3,540.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
34,800.00 kJ/mol  
28
13th Energy Level
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
28
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
99+
1,130.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
71,500.00 kJ/mol  
24
34,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
71,500.00 kJ/mol  
19
34,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
40
1,139.00 kJ/mol  
18
18th Energy Level
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
30
1,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
37
1,139.90 kJ/mol  
15
20th Energy Level
715.00 kJ/mol  
31
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
99+
1,080.00 kJ/mol  
32
22nd Energy Level
715.00 kJ/mol  
25
350.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
99+
1,100.00 kJ/mol  
35
24th Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
24
565.80 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
715.00 kJ/mol  
25
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
24
582.30 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
23
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
29
1,130.00 kJ/mol  
4
29th Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
30
1,130.00 kJ/mol  
4
30th Energy Level
715.00 kJ/mol  
24
663.20 kJ/mol  
33
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.87 g/amp-hr  
9
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
4.25 eV  
28
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
82  
34
110  
8
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d8 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Lead.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
82  
34
110  
8
Number of Neutrons
125  
20
161  
4
Number of Electrons
82  
34
110  
8
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
175.00 pm  
21
132.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
146.00 pm  
40
128.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
202.00 pm  
34
0.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
207.20 amu  
30
281.00 amu  
6
Atomic Volume
18.17 cm3/mol  
39
20.50 cm3/mol  
29
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Thallium
  
Meitnerium
  
Next Element
Bismuth
  
Roentgenium
  
Valence Electron Potential
24.20 (-eV)  
99+
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
495.08 pm  
18
0.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.51  
99+
1.61  
19
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
11.34 g/cm3  
35
35.00 g/cm3  
4
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.66 g/cm3  
36
34.80 g/cm3  
5
Tensile Strength
12.00 MPa  
99+
0.10 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
29
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
1.64 (Pa)  
7
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
5.60 GPa  
99+
33.00 GPa  
23
Bulk Modulus
46.00 GPa  
28
38.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
16.00 GPa  
99+
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.44  
3
0.25  
24
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
11.35  
38
34.80  
7
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
12
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
30
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
208.00 nΩ·m  
16
8.30 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
35.10 kJ/mol  
33
-  
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
26.65 J/mol·K  
34
27.30 J/mol·K  
23
Thermal Conductivity
35.30 W/m·K  
39
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
600.61 K  
99+
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
28.90 µm/(m·K)  
13
12.90 µm/(m·K)  
38
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
179.40 kJ/mol  
99+
348.90 kJ/mol  
34
Enthalpy of Fusion
4.77 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
194.60 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
64.80 J/mol.K  
18
57.00 J/mol.K  
30
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