1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.7 Block
1.8 Element Family
Lanthanide
Post-Transition
1.9 CAS Number
74399437440315
7429905
54386242
2.3 Space Group Name
2.5 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- Metal dust of Lutetium element is highly explosive.
- Lutetium metal is corrosion resistance and acts stable in air.
- In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
- Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
3.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Georges Urbain and Carl Auer von Welsbach
Unknown
3.3.2 Discovery
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-8 %4 * 10-7 %
5E-09
0.11
4.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %~0.0000009 %
1E-08
0.1
4.4.4 Abundance In Meteorites
4.4.7 Abundance In Earth's Crust
4.4.10 Abundance In Oceans
4.4.12 Abundance In Humans
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
- Lutetium metal is used outside research. It has commercial uses like Industrial catalyst for cracking oil refineries of hydrocarbons .
- Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
-
Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry
5.1.2 Medical Uses
5.1.3 Other Uses
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.3 In Blood
NA0.38 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
5.2.6 In Bone
6 Physical
6.1 Melting Point
1,652.00 °C231.90 °C
27
3410
8.3 Boiling Point
3,402.00 °C2,270.00 °C
147
5660
8.4 Appearance
8.4.1 Physical State
8.4.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
8.4.3 Luster
8.5 Hardness
8.5.1 Mohs Hardness
9.1.1 Brinell Hardness
893.00 MPa50.00 MPa
0.14
3490
10.1.1 Vickers Hardness
10.3 Speed of Sound
10.7 Optical Properties
10.7.1 Refractive Index
10.7.2 Reflectivity
10.8 Allotropes
10.8.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
10.8.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
White Tin (Beta Tin)
10.8.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
11 Chemical
11.1 Chemical Formula
11.2 Isotopes
11.2.1 Known Isotopes
11.5 Electronegativity
11.5.1 Pauling Electronegativity
11.5.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
11.6.1 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
11.6.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
11.6.4 Allen Electronegativity
11.8 Electropositivity
11.8.1 Pauling Electropositivity
11.10 Ionization Energies
11.10.1 1st Energy Level
523.50 kJ/mol708.60 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
12.2.2 2nd Energy Level
1,340.00 kJ/mol1,411.80 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
12.2.3 3rd Energy Level
2,022.30 kJ/mol2,943.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
12.2.4 4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol3,930.30 kJ/mol
2780
37066
12.4.2 5th Energy Level
6,445.00 kJ/mol7,456.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
12.4.3 6th Energy Level
12.4.5 7th Energy level
12.4.7 8th Energy Level
13.2.2 9th Energy Level
13.2.3 10th Energy Level
13.2.5 11th Energy Level
13.3.2 12th Energy Level
13.3.4 13th Energy Level
13.3.5 14th Energy Level
13.3.8 15th Energy Level
13.3.9 16th Energy Level
13.3.10 17th Energy Level
13.4.2 18th Energy Level
13.4.4 19th Energy Level
13.4.5 20th Energy Level
13.5.2 21st Energy Level
13.5.4 22nd Energy Level
13.5.5 23rd Energy Level
13.5.7 24th Energy Level
13.5.8 25th Energy Level
13.5.9 26th Energy Level
13.5.12 27th Energy Level
13.5.13 28th Energy Level
13.5.14 29th Energy Level
13.5.15 30th Energy Level
13.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
2.18 g/amp-hr1.11 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
13.8 Electron Work Function
13.9 Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Solubility
14 Atomic
14.1 Atomic Number
14.3 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d1
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
14.4 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Tetragonal (TETR)
14.4.1 Crystal Lattice
14.5 Atom
14.5.1 Number of Protons
14.5.3 Number of Neutrons
14.5.5 Number of Electrons
14.6 Radius of an Atom
14.6.1 Atomic Radius
174.00 pm140.00 pm
112
265
14.6.3 Covalent Radius
187.00 pm139.00 pm
96
260
14.6.5 Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm217.00 pm
139
348
14.7 Atomic Weight
174.97 amu118.71 amu
6.94
294
14.8 Atomic Volume
17.78 cm3/mol16.30 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
14.9 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
14.9.1 Previous Element
14.9.2 Next Element
14.10 Valence Electron Potential
50.90 (-eV)83.50 (-eV)
8
392.42
14.11 Lattice Constant
350.31 pm583.18 pm
228.58
891.25
14.12 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
14.13 Lattice C/A Ratio
15 Mechanical
15.1 Density
15.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
9.84 g/cm37.37 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
15.1.3 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.30 g/cm36.99 g/cm3
0.512
20
15.2 Tensile Strength
15.3 Viscosity
15.4 Vapor Pressure
15.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
2.47E-11
121
15.4.3 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
15.5 Elasticity properties
15.5.1 Shear Modulus
27.20 GPa18.00 GPa
1.3
222
15.5.3 Bulk Modulus
47.60 GPa58.00 GPa
1.6
462
15.5.5 Young's Modulus
68.60 GPa50.00 GPa
1.7
528
15.6 Poisson Ratio
15.7 Other Mechanical Properties
16 Magnetic
16.1 Magnetic Characteristics
16.1.1 Specific Gravity
16.1.3 Magnetic Ordering
16.1.4 Permeability
16.1.6 Susceptibility
16.2 Electrical Properties
16.2.1 Electrical Property
16.2.2 Resistivity
582.00 nΩ·m115.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
16.2.9 Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω0.09 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
16.2.13 Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol107.30 kJ/mol
0
222.8
17 Thermal
17.1 Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)0.23 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
17.2 Molar Heat Capacity
26.86 J/mol·K27.11 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
17.3 Thermal Conductivity
16.40 W/m·K66.80 W/m·K
6.3
429
17.5 Critical Temperature
17.7 Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)22.00 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
18.2 Enthalpy
18.2.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
355.90 kJ/mol290.40 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
18.5.3 Enthalpy of Fusion
18.70 kJ/mol7.03 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
18.5.7 Enthalpy of Atomization
398.00 kJ/mol301.30 kJ/mol
61.5
837
18.6 Standard Molar Entropy
51.00 J/mol.K51.20 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1