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Manganese
Manganese

Polonium
Polonium



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Manganese
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Polonium

Manganese Polonium Comparison

1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Mn
Po
1.2 Group Number
716
Gadolinium Metal
0 17
1.3 Period Number
46
Lithium Metal
2 7
1.4 Block
d block
p block
1.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Post-​Transition
1.6 CAS Number
74399657440086
Aluminium Metal
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
I_ 43m
Pm-3m
1.8 Space Group Number
217.00221.00
Plutonium Metal
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
  • Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
  • Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
  • Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
  • Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Mining, Ores of metals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Johann Gottlieb Gahn
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1774
In 1898
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
8 * 10-4 %NA
Thallium Metal
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.001 %~-9999 %
Beryllium Metal
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
0.27 %NA
Gold Metal
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.11 %NA
Radium Metal
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %0.00 %
Protactinium Metal
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
0.00 %NA
Radium Metal
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
  • Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
  • Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
  • A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Toxic
Highly Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.08 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium Metal
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
100.00 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
Plutonium Metal
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
1,245.00 °C254.00 °C
Francium Metal
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
1,962.00 °C962.00 °C
Flerovium Metal
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silver
Silver
4.3.3 Luster
Metallic
NA
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
6.00NA
Cesium Metal
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
196.00 MPaNA
Cesium Metal
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
NANA
Palladium Metal
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
5,150.00 m/sNA
Thallium Metal
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury Metal
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
α-polonium
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
β-polonium
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Mn
Po
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
2129
Tennessine Metal
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.552.00
Francium Metal
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20NA
Cesium Metal
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.601.76
Cesium Metal
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
NA2.48
Cesium Metal
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
1.752.19
Cesium Metal
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.452.00
Gold Metal
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
717.30 kJ/mol812.10 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,509.00 kJ/molNA
Ruthenium Metal
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
3,248.00 kJ/molNA
Osmium Metal
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
4,940.00 kJ/molNA
Thorium Metal
2780 37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
6,990.00 kJ/molNA
Dubnium Metal
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
9,220.00 kJ/molNA
Seaborgium Metal
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
11,500.00 kJ/molNA
Bohrium Metal
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
18,770.00 kJ/molNA
Hassium Metal
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
21,400.00 kJ/molNA
Yttrium Metal
14110 134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
23,960.00 kJ/molNA
Strontium Metal
17100 144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
27,590.00 kJ/molNA
Yttrium Metal
19900 169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
30,330.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum Metal
22219 189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
33,150.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum Metal
26930 76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
38,880.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum Metal
29196 86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
41,987.00 kJ/molNA
Copper
41987 97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
109,480.00 kJ/molNA
Iron Metal
47206 109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
118,100.00 kJ/molNA
Cobalt Metal
52737 122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
127,100.00 kJ/molNA
Nickel Metal
58570 134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
138,600.00 kJ/molNA
Copper Metal
64702 148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
148,500.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum Metal
80400 171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
158,600.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum Metal
87000 179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
172,500.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum Metal
93400 184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
181,380.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum Metal
98420 198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
104400 195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
121900 121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
127700 127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
133800 133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
139800 139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
148100 148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
154500 154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.29 g/amp-hr3.90 g/amp-hr
Beryllium Metal
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
4.10 eVNA
Cesium Metal
2.14 5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
2584
Lithium Metal
3 117
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d5 4s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4
6.3 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Monoclinic (MON)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
2584
Lithium Metal
3 117
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
30125
Lithium Metal
4 184
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
2584
Lithium Metal
3 117
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
127.00 pm168.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
112 265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
139.00 pm140.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm197.00 pm
Zinc Metal
139 348
6.6 Atomic Weight
54.94 amu209.00 amu
Lithium Metal
6.94 294
6.7 Atomic Volume
1.39 cm3/mol22.23 cm3/mol
Palladium
1.39 71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
220.00 (-eV)NA
Francium Metal
8 392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
891.25 pm335.90 pm
Beryllium Metal
228.58 891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
Beryllium Metal
1.567 1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
7.21 g/cm39.20 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.95 g/cm39.40 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.512 20
7.2 Tensile Strength
NANA
Indium Metal
2.5 11000
7.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury Metal
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)NA
Cerium Metal
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NANA
Tungsten Metal
2.62E-10 774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
NANA
Potassium Metal
1.3 222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
120.00 GPaNA
Cesium Metal
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
198.00 GPaNA
Cesium Metal
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
NANA
Beryllium Metal
0.032 0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
7.219.32
Lithium Metal
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Nonmagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth Metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth Metal
-0.000166 200000
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
1.44 nΩ·m0.40 nΩ·m
Thallium Metal
0.18 961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω0.02 106/cm Ω
Plutonium Metal
0.00666 0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol183.30 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
0 222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
0.48 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
Americium Metal
0.11 3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
26.32 J/mol·K26.40 J/mol·K
Beryllium Metal
16.443 62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
7.81 W/m·K20.00 W/m·K
Neptunium Metal
6.3 429
9.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium Metal
26.3 3223
9.5 Thermal Expansion
21.70 µm/(m·K)23.50 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten Metal
4.5 97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
219.70 kJ/mol60.30 kJ/mol
Zinc Metal
7.32 799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
14.64 kJ/mol13.00 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
2.1 35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
280.30 kJ/mol134.00 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
61.5 837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
32.00 J/mol.KNA
Beryllium Metal
9.5 198.1