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Mendelevium vs Calcium

Mendelevium
Calcium
Calcium vs Mendelevium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Md  
Ca  
Group Number
3  
15
2  
16
Period Number
7  
4  
Block
f block  
s block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Alkaline Earth  
CAS Number
7440111  
99+
7440702  
21
Space Group Name
-  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Mendelevium metal is synthetically produced metal.
  • Mendelevium metal has been produced in only trace amount.
  
  • Calcium ranks 5th rank in the list of earth’s abundance Percentage.
  • It is found in the compound state.
  • Gypsum or calcium sulfate is used as plaster and plaster of paris.
  
Sources
Bombarding Einsteinium with Helium Ions  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Humphry Davy  
Discovery
In 1955  
In 1808  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.01 %  
4
Abundance In Sun
-  
0.01 %  
4
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
1.10 %  
4
Abundance In Earth's Crust
-  
5.00 %  
3
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
5
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
1.40 %  
1
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Mendelevium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • It is used as a reducing agent while preparing metals like thorium and uranium. It is also used as an alloying agent for metals such as aluminum, copper & lead.
  • Calcium carbonate or lime stone is used in cement.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
60.50 Blood/mg dm-3  
4
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
170,000.00 p.p.m.  
1
Physical
Melting Point
827.00 °C  
99+
839.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
1,484.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
-  
1.75  
18
Brinell Hardness
350.00 MPa  
36
170.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
0.00 MPa  
99+
170.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
3,810.00 m/s  
26
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.54  
35
Reflectivity
66.00 %  
17
60.00 %  
23
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Md  
Ca  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
16  
23
19  
20
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.00  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
0.95  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.04  
35
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.08  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.03  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
3.00  
9
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
99+
589.80 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,235.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,145.40 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,912.40 kJ/mol  
7
4th Energy Level
3,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,491.00 kJ/mol  
15
5th Energy Level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
36
8,153.00 kJ/mol  
11
6th Energy Level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10,496.00 kJ/mol  
14
7th Energy level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12,270.00 kJ/mol  
12
8th Energy Level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14,206.00 kJ/mol  
15
9th Energy Level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18,191.00 kJ/mol  
12
10th Energy Level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
99+
20,385.00 kJ/mol  
16
11th Energy Level
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
57,110.00 kJ/mol  
3
12th Energy Level
60,100.00 kJ/mol  
16
63,410.00 kJ/mol  
9
13th Energy Level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
37
70,110.00 kJ/mol  
3
14th Energy Level
1,150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
78,890.00 kJ/mol  
4
15th Energy Level
63,500.00 kJ/mol  
37
86,310.00 kJ/mol  
11
16th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
99+
94,000.00 kJ/mol  
6
17th Energy Level
1,107.00 kJ/mol  
21
104,900.00 kJ/mol  
7
18th Energy Level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
39
111,711.00 kJ/mol  
8
19th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
99+
590.60 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
40
590.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
13
590.60 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
34
590.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
13
590.60 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
36
590.60 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
38
590.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
37
590.60 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
39
590.60 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
99+
590.60 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
99+
590.60 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
40
590.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.21 g/amp-hr  
13
0.75 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
3.89 eV  
37
2.87 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
101  
17
20  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f13 7s2  
[Ar] 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Not Known  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Mendelevium.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Calcium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
101  
17
20  
99+
Number of Neutrons
157  
8
20  
99+
Number of Electrons
101  
17
20  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
175.00 pm  
21
197.00 pm  
8
Covalent Radius
175.00 pm  
25
176.00 pm  
24
Van der Waals Radius
246.00 pm  
12
231.00 pm  
23
Atomic Weight
258.00 amu  
14
40.08 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
19.90 cm3/mol  
32
29.90 cm3/mol  
10
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Fermium
  
Potassium
  
Next Element
Nobelium
  
Scandium
  
Valence Electron Potential
63.70 (-eV)  
23
29.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
-  
558.84 pm  
10
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
36
1.55  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
10.30 g/cm3  
38
1.55 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.30 g/cm3  
39
1.38 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
80.00 MPa  
29
20.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
6
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
25.50 (Pa)  
3
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
32.00 GPa  
24
7.40 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
17.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
12.00 GPa  
99+
20.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.30  
14
0.31  
13
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
13.50  
29
4.58  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
11
0.00 H/m  
9
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Conductor  
Resistivity
0.63 nΩ·m  
99+
33.60 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.30 106/cm Ω  
6
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
2.37 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.63 J/(kg K)  
7
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
25.93 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
201.00 W/m·K  
5
Critical Temperature
1,100.00 K  
99+
1,115.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
11.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
22.30 µm/(m·K)  
20
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
380.50 kJ/mol  
26
150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
-  
8.54 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
410.80 kJ/mol  
25
184.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
37.40 J/mol.K  
99+
41.60 J/mol.K  
99+
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