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Molybdenum vs Fermium

Molybdenum
Fermium
Fermium vs Molybdenum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Mo  
Fm  
Group Number
6  
12
3  
15
Period Number
5  
7  
Block
d block  
f block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7439987  
99+
7440724  
19
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
-  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Molybdenum is highly reactive metal, hence not found free in nature .
  • Till 18th century Molybdenum element were often mistaken as a carbon or Lead.
  
  • Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
  • Fermium is synthetically produced metal.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Carl Wilhelm Scheele  
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Discovery
In 1778  
In 1952  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
20
0.00 %  
35
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
30
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
39
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
9
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
17
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its alloys are used to make engine parts, drills, saw blade, etc.
  • Lubricant additive made up of Molybdenum disulfide is commonly used in the industry. It is also used as a catalyst.
  
  • Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.70 p.p.m.  
20
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
2,617.00 °C  
5
1,527.00 °C  
26
Boiling Point
4,612.00 °C  
9
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Gray  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
5.50  
7
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
1,370.00 MPa  
7
500.00 MPa  
28
Vickers Hardness
1,400.00 MPa  
11
600.00 MPa  
28
Speed of Sound
5,400.00 m/s  
9
2,500.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.00  
15
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
58.00 %  
25
59.00 %  
24
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Mo  
Fm  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
25  
14
18  
21
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.16  
6
1.30  
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.15  
34
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.20  
28
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.16  
7
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
2.16  
3
1.30  
40
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.84  
99+
2.70  
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
684.30 kJ/mol  
37
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,560.00 kJ/mol  
38
1,225.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,618.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,363.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
4,480.00 kJ/mol  
36
3,792.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,257.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
39
6th Energy Level
6,640.80 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
12,125.00 kJ/mol  
13
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
13,860.00 kJ/mol  
16
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
15,835.00 kJ/mol  
16
7,040.00 kJ/mol  
33
10th Energy Level
17,980.00 kJ/mol  
18
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
20,190.00 kJ/mol  
17
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
22,219.00 kJ/mol  
38
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
10
13th Energy Level
26,930.00 kJ/mol  
13
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
38
14th Energy Level
29,196.00 kJ/mol  
13
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
27
15th Energy Level
52,490.00 kJ/mol  
99+
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
38
16th Energy Level
55,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
17th Energy Level
61,400.00 kJ/mol  
9
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
67,700.00 kJ/mol  
9
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
40
19th Energy Level
74,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
994.80 kJ/mol  
21
20th Energy Level
80,400.00 kJ/mol  
10
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
87,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
93,400.00 kJ/mol  
7
345.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
98,420.00 kJ/mol  
6
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
14
24th Energy Level
104,400.00 kJ/mol  
2
627.60 kJ/mol  
38
25th Energy Level
121,900.00 kJ/mol  
1
627.00 kJ/mol  
40
26th Energy Level
127,700.00 kJ/mol  
1
627.60 kJ/mol  
39
27th Energy Level
133,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
139,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
148,100.00 kJ/mol  
1
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
154,500.00 kJ/mol  
1
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.89 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.20 g/amp-hr  
15
Electron Work Function
4.60 eV  
17
4.47 eV  
21
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
42  
99+
100  
18
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d5 5s1  
[Rn] 5f12 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Not Known  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Fermium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
42  
99+
100  
18
Number of Neutrons
54  
99+
157  
8
Number of Electrons
42  
99+
100  
18
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
180.00 pm  
16
Covalent Radius
154.00 pm  
34
180.00 pm  
23
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
245.00 pm  
13
Atomic Weight
95.95 amu  
99+
257.00 amu  
15
Atomic Volume
9.40 cm3/mol  
99+
18.00 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Niobium
  
Einsteinium
  
Next Element
Technetium
  
Mendelevium
  
Valence Electron Potential
88.60 (-eV)  
13
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
314.70 pm  
99+
350.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.03  
99+
1.63  
13
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
10.28 g/cm3  
39
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.33 g/cm3  
99+
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
324.00 MPa  
15
0.10 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
5
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
27
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
126.00 GPa  
8
30.00 GPa  
27
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa  
6
50.00 GPa  
24
Young's Modulus
329.00 GPa  
6
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.31  
13
0.35  
9
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Weldable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
10.22  
40
9.70  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
9
0.00 H/m  
16
Susceptibility
0.00  
29
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Semiconductor  
-  
Resistivity
53.40 nΩ·m  
99+
7.90 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω  
11
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
71.90 kJ/mol  
16
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.25 J/(kg K)  
21
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
24.06 J/mol·K  
99+
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
Thermal Conductivity
138.00 W/m·K  
12
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
2,896.00 K  
6
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
4.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
594.10 kJ/mol  
9
319.20 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
27.61 kJ/mol  
5
13.30 kJ/mol  
30
Enthalpy of Atomization
653.00 kJ/mol  
7
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
28.70 J/mol.K  
99+
50.00 J/mol.K  
99+
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