Home
 Compare Metals

Neptunium vs Cerium

Neptunium
Cerium
Cerium vs Neptunium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Np  
Ce  
Group Number
Not Available  
Not Available  
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
f block  
f block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Lanthanide  
CAS Number
7439998  
99+
7440451  
99+
Space Group Name
Pnma  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
62.00  
11
194.00  
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available  
  • Cerium is a rare earth metal but still it is not rare at all.
  • It’s non-toxic compound Cerium sulfide has a rich red color and it is used as a pigment.
  • Cerium metal is also used in Flat screen TVs, light bulb, floodlights, etc.
  
Sources
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons, Ores of metals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Edwin McMillan and Philip H. Abelson  
Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius, Wilhelm Hisinger  
Discovery
In 1940  
In 1803  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available  
1 * 10-6 %  
16
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %  
~0.0000004 %  
23
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available  
0.00 %  
27
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available  
0.01 %  
18
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available  
0.00 %  
33
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Neptunium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  • Neptunium’s isotope neptunium-237 is used as a neutron detectors.
  
  • It is used to include flints for cigarette lighters.
  • Its compound Cerium (Ill) Oxide is used as a catalyst; it is put inside the walls of the oven as it prevents from the buildup of cooking residues.
  
Industrial Uses
NA  
Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
NA  
Medical Research  
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Moderately Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
30
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
36
2.70 p.p.m.  
14
Physical Properties
Melting Point
640.00 °C  
99+
795.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
3,902.00 °C  
13
3,257.00 °C  
23
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
Silvery White  
Luster
Metallic  
Lustrous  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available  
2.50  
14
Brinell Hardness
Not Available  
186.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
Not Available  
210.00 MPa  
32
Speed of Sound
Not Available  
2,100.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Np  
Ce  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20  
19
30  
9
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.36  
29
1.12  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22  
26
1.08  
31
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.64  
25
2.88  
11
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
534.40 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,050.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,997.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,949.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,242.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,547.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
Not Available  
6,325.00 kJ/mol  
22
6th Energy Level
Not Available  
7,490.00 kJ/mol  
21
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr  
39
1.74 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available  
2.84 eV  
39
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
93  
25
58  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2  
[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)  
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)  
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Neptunium.jpg#100  
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cerium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
93  
25
58  
99+
Number of Neutrons
144  
14
82  
99+
Number of Electrons
93  
25
58  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
155.00 pm  
30
181.80 pm  
12
Covalent Radius
190.00 pm  
18
204.00 pm  
8
Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm  
22
235.00 pm  
17
Atomic Weight
237.00 amu  
22
140.12 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
11.62 cm3/mol  
99+
20.67 cm3/mol  
17
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Uranium
  
Lanthanum
  
Next Element
Plutonium
  
Praseodymium
  
Valence Electron Potential
96.00 (-eV)  
9
41.78 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
666.30 pm  
3
362.00 pm  
34
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.38 g/cm3  
14
6.77 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available  
6.55 g/cm3  
38
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa  
14
Not Available  
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available  
0.00 (Pa)  
34
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.11 (Pa)  
17
1.04 (Pa)  
13
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available  
13.50 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
Not Available  
21.50 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
Not Available  
33.60 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
Not Available  
0.24  
27
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
20.25  
6
6.77  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
1.22 nΩ·m  
99+
828.00 nΩ·m  
3
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available  
50.00 kJ/mol  
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
40
0.19 J/(kg K)  
32
Molar Heat Capacity
29.46 J/mol·K  
8
26.94 J/mol·K  
23
Thermal Conductivity
6.30 W/m·K  
99+
11.30 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
Not Available  
6.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available  
414.00 kJ/mol  
16
Enthalpy of Fusion
3.20 kJ/mol  
99+
5.46 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available  
381.00 kJ/mol  
23
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available  
72.00 J/mol.K  
12
Periodic Table >>
<< All

Compare Actinide Series

Actinide Metals

Actinide Metals

» More Actinide Metals

Compare Actinide Series

» More Compare Actinide Series
Home | About | Contact | Disclaimer | Terms of use
© A softusvista inc. venture!