Symbol
Ni
Sg
Group Number
106
0
17
👆🏻
Period Number
47
2
7
👆🏻
Block
d block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
CAS Number
744002054038812
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
-
Space Group Number
225.00166.00
11
276
👆🏻
Interesting Facts
- Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
- After iron, Zinc metal the second most abundant element in the earth crust.
- Seaborgium most stable isotope is Sg and it has 2.1 min of half- life.
- And other isotopes of Seaborgium have half-lives as short as 3 ms.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Synthetically Produced
History
Who Discovered
Axel Fredrik Cronstedt
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Discovery
In 1751
In 1974
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.01 %0.00 %
0
0.11
👆🏻
Abundance In Sun
0.01 %-
0
0.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Meteorites
1.30 %-
0
22
👆🏻
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %-
1E-37
8.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %-
0
1.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %-
0
1.4
👆🏻
Uses & Benefits
- It has corrosion resistance and hence it is used to plate other metals.
- Its alloys are very useful; Nichrome alloy is used in the hot coil of toasters and electric oven.
- Currently known uses of Seaborgium metal are limited to research purpose only.
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
-
Medical Uses
-
-
Other Uses
Alloys
Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
-
Present in Human Body
✔
✘
✔
✘
In Blood
0.05 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
👆🏻
In Bone
0.70 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
👆🏻
Melting Point
1,453.00 °C-
-38.83
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
2,732.00 °C0.00 °C
0
5660
👆🏻
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silver
-
Luster
Metallic
Unknown Luster
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
4.006.00
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell Hardness
667.00 MPa400.00 MPa
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers Hardness
638.00 MPa520.00 MPa
0
3920
👆🏻
Speed of Sound
4,900.00 m/s3,200.00 m/s
818
16200
👆🏻
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.681.30
0.155
3.41
👆🏻
Reflectivity
72.00 %68.00 %
5
97
👆🏻
Allotropes
✔
✘
✔
✘
α Allotropes
-
-
β Allotropes
-
-
γ Allotropes
-
-
Chemical Formula
Ni
Sg
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
259
0
38
👆🏻
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.910.00
0
2.6
👆🏻
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.941.90
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.751.30
0.86
1.9
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.911.30
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Electronegativity
1.881.90
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.092.20
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
737.10 kJ/mol757.40 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
👆🏻
2nd Energy Level
1,753.00 kJ/mol1,732.90 kJ/mol
392.8
28750
👆🏻
3rd Energy Level
3,395.00 kJ/mol2,483.50 kJ/mol
392.8
34230
👆🏻
4th Energy Level
5,300.00 kJ/mol3,415.60 kJ/mol
375.7
37066
👆🏻
5th Energy Level
7,339.00 kJ/mol4,561.80 kJ/mol
392
97510
👆🏻
6th Energy Level
10,400.00 kJ/mol5,715.80 kJ/mol
1007
105800
👆🏻
7th Energy level
12,800.00 kJ/mol5,700.00 kJ/mol
1007
114300
👆🏻
8th Energy Level
15,600.00 kJ/mol5,700.00 kJ/mol
730
125300
👆🏻
9th Energy Level
18,600.00 kJ/mol5,710.00 kJ/mol
1007
134700
👆🏻
10th Energy Level
21,670.00 kJ/mol6,270.00 kJ/mol
392
144300
👆🏻
11th Energy Level
30,970.00 kJ/mol6,600.00 kJ/mol
392
169988
👆🏻
12th Energy Level
34,000.00 kJ/mol971.00 kJ/mol
0
189368
👆🏻
13th Energy Level
37,100.00 kJ/mol5,700.00 kJ/mol
1007
76015
👆🏻
14th Energy Level
41,500.00 kJ/mol5,700.00 kJ/mol
380
86450
👆🏻
15th Energy Level
44,800.00 kJ/mol54,000.00 kJ/mol
33000
100700
👆🏻
16th Energy Level
48,100.00 kJ/mol64,000.00 kJ/mol
375.7
109480
👆🏻
17th Energy Level
55,101.00 kJ/mol579.80 kJ/mol
375.7
122200
👆🏻
18th Energy Level
58,570.00 kJ/mol3,300.00 kJ/mol
0
134810
👆🏻
19th Energy Level
148,700.00 kJ/mol579.80 kJ/mol
375.7
148700
👆🏻
20th Energy Level
159,000.00 kJ/mol579.00 kJ/mol
0
171200
👆🏻
21st Energy Level
169,400.00 kJ/mol6,270.00 kJ/mol
375.7
179100
👆🏻
22nd Energy Level
182,700.00 kJ/mol573.00 kJ/mol
330
184900
👆🏻
23rd Energy Level
194,000.00 kJ/mol5,790.00 kJ/mol
357.6
198800
👆🏻
24th Energy Level
737.10 kJ/mol971.00 kJ/mol
297.3
195200
👆🏻
25th Energy Level
737.10 kJ/mol0.00 kJ/mol
0
121900
👆🏻
26th Energy Level
737.10 kJ/mol579.10 kJ/mol
357.6
127700
👆🏻
27th Energy Level
737.10 kJ/mol870.00 kJ/mol
0
133800
👆🏻
28th Energy Level
737.10 kJ/mol870.00 kJ/mol
297.3
139800
👆🏻
29th Energy Level
737.10 kJ/mol761.90 kJ/mol
0
148100
👆🏻
30th Energy Level
737.00 kJ/mol0.00 kJ/mol
0
154500
👆🏻
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.10 g/amp-hr3.20 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Electron Work Function
5.15 eV6.00 eV
2.14
6
👆🏻
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
-
Atomic Number
28106
3
117
👆🏻
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d8 4s2 Or [Ar] 3d9 4s1
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
Atom
Number of Protons
28106
3
117
👆🏻
Number of Neutrons
31157
4
285
👆🏻
Number of Electrons
28106
3
117
👆🏻
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
124.00 pm132.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
Covalent Radius
124.00 pm143.00 pm
0
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
163.00 pm230.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
Atomic Weight
58.69 amu269.00 amu
6.94
294
👆🏻
Atomic Volume
6.59 cm3/mol35.00 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
Next Element
Valence Electron Potential
42.00 (-eV)6.10 (-eV)
0
392.42
👆🏻
Lattice Constant
352.40 pm-
0
891.25
👆🏻
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
-
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.861.36
0.423
1.9
👆🏻
Density
Density At Room Temperature
8.91 g/cm335.00 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.81 g/cm335.00 g/cm3
0.512
41
👆🏻
Tensile Strength
345.00 MPa30.00 MPa
0.1
11000
👆🏻
Viscosity
0.000.00
1.5E-05
0.0035
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
0
121
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
19.50 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
0
774
👆🏻
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
76.00 GPa30.00 GPa
1.3
222
👆🏻
Bulk Modulus
180.00 GPa0.00 GPa
0
462
👆🏻
Young's Modulus
200.00 GPa12.60 GPa
0
528
👆🏻
Poisson Ratio
0.310.25
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
-
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
8.9035.00
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Magnetic Ordering
Ferromagnetic
-
Permeability
0.00 H/m0.00 H/m
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
Susceptibility
600.000.00
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
-
Resistivity
69.30 nΩ·m0.38 nΩ·m
0.1
961
👆🏻
Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm Ω0.00 106/cm Ω
0
0.63
👆🏻
Electron Affinity
112.00 kJ/mol50.00 kJ/mol
0
222.8
👆🏻
Specific Heat
0.44 J/(kg K)0.27 J/(kg K)
0.1
3.6
👆🏻
Molar Heat Capacity
26.07 J/mol·K35.00 J/mol·K
13.1
62.7
👆🏻
Thermal Conductivity
90.90 W/m·K0.14 W/m·K
0
429
👆🏻
Critical Temperature
1,728.00 K1,200.00 K
26.3
3695
👆🏻
Thermal Expansion
13.40 µm/(m·K)11.00 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
👆🏻
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
371.80 kJ/mol585.00 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Fusion
17.57 kJ/mol-
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Atomization
422.60 kJ/mol650.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard Molar Entropy
29.90 J/mol.K42.70 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1
👆🏻