1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
2.5 Period Number
2.6 Block
2.7 Element Family
Transition Metal
Actinide
2.8 CAS Number
74400427440133
7429905
54386242
2.11 Space Group Name
2.12 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
- But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
- Protactinium metal has 29 isotopes.
- Isotopes of Protactinium-231 used in nuclear weapon.
3.2 Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Uranium Ores, Mining, Ores of metals
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant
William Crookes
3.3.2 Discovery
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
4.1.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
4.1.4 Abundance In Meteorites
4.1.7 Abundance In Earth's Crust
5.3.1 Abundance In Oceans
5.4.1 Abundance In Humans
7 Uses
7.1 Uses & Benefits
- Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
-
It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
- Currently known uses of Protactinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
7.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
7.1.2 Medical Uses
7.1.3 Other Uses
7.2 Biological Properties
7.2.1 Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Highly Toxic
7.2.2 Present in Human Body
7.2.3 In Blood
NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
7.3.1 In Bone
8 Physical
8.1 Melting Point
3,045.00 °C1,568.00 °C
27
3410
8.4 Boiling Point
5,027.00 °C4,027.00 °C
147
5660
8.5 Appearance
8.5.1 Physical State
8.5.2 Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray
Silver
8.5.3 Luster
8.6 Hardness
8.6.1 Mohs Hardness
8.6.4 Brinell Hardness
8.8.1 Vickers Hardness
9.3 Speed of Sound
10.3 Optical Properties
10.3.1 Refractive Index
10.3.3 Reflectivity
10.6 Allotropes
10.6.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10.6.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10.6.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
11 Chemical
11.1 Chemical Formula
11.2 Isotopes
11.2.1 Known Isotopes
11.3 Electronegativity
11.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
11.3.4 Sanderson Electronegativity
11.3.7 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
12.0.9 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
12.2.2 Allen Electronegativity
12.5 Electropositivity
12.5.1 Pauling Electropositivity
12.7 Ionization Energies
12.7.1 1st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol568.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
12.7.3 2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol1,128.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
12.8.2 3rd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol1,814.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
12.9.1 4th Energy Level
NA2,991.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
12.9.4 5th Energy Level
12.10.3 6th Energy Level
12.10.5 7th Energy level
12.10.7 8th Energy Level
12.10.9 9th Energy Level
12.10.12 10th Energy Level
12.11.1 11th Energy Level
12.11.3 12th Energy Level
12.11.5 13th Energy Level
12.11.7 14th Energy Level
12.11.8 15th Energy Level
12.11.10 16th Energy Level
12.11.12 17th Energy Level
12.11.14 18th Energy Level
12.11.16 19th Energy Level
12.11.18 20th Energy Level
12.11.20 21st Energy Level
12.11.21 22nd Energy Level
12.11.23 23rd Energy Level
12.11.25 24th Energy Level
12.11.27 25th Energy Level
12.11.29 26th Energy Level
12.11.31 27th Energy Level
12.11.33 28th Energy Level
12.11.35 29th Energy Level
12.11.37 30th Energy Level
12.12 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr1.72 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
12.14 Electron Work Function
12.15 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
13 Atomic
13.1 Atomic Number
14.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2
14.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Tetragonal (TETR)
14.3.1 Crystal Lattice
14.4 Atom
14.4.1 Number of Protons
14.6.1 Number of Neutrons
14.7.2 Number of Electrons
14.8 Radius of an Atom
14.8.1 Atomic Radius
133.80 pm163.00 pm
112
265
14.8.3 Covalent Radius
14.8.4 Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm243.00 pm
139
348
14.10 Atomic Weight
190.23 amu231.04 amu
6.94
294
14.11 Atomic Volume
8.49 cm3/mol15.00 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
14.13 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
14.13.1 Previous Element
14.13.2 Next Element
14.14 Valence Electron Potential
91.40 (-eV)92.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
14.16 Lattice Constant
273.44 pm392.50 pm
228.58
891.25
14.17 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
14.18 Lattice C/A Ratio
15 Mechanical
15.1 Density
15.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
22.59 g/cm315.37 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
15.2.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.5 Tensile Strength
16.2 Viscosity
16.3 Vapor Pressure
16.3.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
16.3.3 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
16.4 Elasticity properties
16.4.1 Shear Modulus
16.5.1 Bulk Modulus
16.7.2 Young's Modulus
16.8 Poisson Ratio
16.10 Other Mechanical Properties
17 Magnetic
17.1 Magnetic Characteristics
17.1.1 Specific Gravity
17.1.3 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
17.1.4 Permeability
17.1.5 Susceptibility
17.2 Electrical Properties
17.2.1 Electrical Property
17.2.2 Resistivity
81.20 nΩ·m177.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
17.3.1 Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω0.05 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
18.1.2 Electron Affinity
19 Thermal
19.1 Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
19.3 Molar Heat Capacity
24.70 J/mol·KNA
16.443
62.7
19.4 Thermal Conductivity
87.60 W/m·K47.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
19.5 Critical Temperature
19.6 Thermal Expansion
5.10 µm/(m·K)9.90 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
20.2 Enthalpy
20.2.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
627.60 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
20.3.1 Enthalpy of Fusion
29.30 kJ/mol12.34 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
20.4.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
20.6 Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K198.10 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1