1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.5 Block
1.6 Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
1.7 CAS Number
74400647440575
7429905
54386242
1.8 Space Group Name
1.9 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
- Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
- It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
- It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
- Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
2.2 Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %6 * 10-8 %
5E-09
0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %~0.0000001 %
1E-08
0.1
2.5.1 Abundance In Meteorites
2.7.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.8.1 Abundance In Oceans
2.10.1 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
-
Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
- Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
- It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
4.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
4.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
4.2.5 In Bone
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
1,772.00 °C1,064.43 °C
27
3410
5.4 Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C2,807.00 °C
147
5660
5.5 Appearance
5.5.1 Physical State
5.5.2 Color
5.5.3 Luster
5.6 Hardness
5.6.1 Mohs Hardness
5.7.2 Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa194.00 MPa
0.14
3490
5.7.4 Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa216.00 MPa
121
3430
5.8 Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s2,030.00 m/s
818
16200
5.9 Optical Properties
5.9.1 Refractive Index
5.10.1 Reflectivity
6.2 Allotropes
6.2.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6.2.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6.2.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7 Chemical
7.1 Chemical Formula
7.2 Isotopes
7.2.1 Known Isotopes
7.3 Electronegativity
7.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
7.3.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
7.4.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
7.4.5 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
7.4.7 Allen Electronegativity
8.2 Electropositivity
8.2.1 Pauling Electropositivity
8.3 Ionization Energies
8.3.1 1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol890.10 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
8.4.1 2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol1,980.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
8.5.1 3rd Energy Level
8.5.2 4th Energy Level
8.6.1 5th Energy Level
8.7.1 6th Energy Level
8.7.2 7th Energy level
8.8.2 8th Energy Level
8.8.4 9th Energy Level
8.8.5 10th Energy Level
8.8.7 11th Energy Level
8.9.1 12th Energy Level
8.9.2 13th Energy Level
8.9.3 14th Energy Level
8.9.4 15th Energy Level
8.9.5 16th Energy Level
8.9.6 17th Energy Level
8.9.7 18th Energy Level
8.9.8 19th Energy Level
8.9.9 20th Energy Level
8.9.10 21st Energy Level
8.9.11 22nd Energy Level
8.9.12 23rd Energy Level
8.9.13 24th Energy Level
8.9.14 25th Energy Level
8.9.15 26th Energy Level
8.9.16 27th Energy Level
8.9.17 28th Energy Level
8.9.18 29th Energy Level
8.9.19 30th Energy Level
8.10 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr2.45 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
8.11 Electron Work Function
8.12 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
9 Atomic
9.1 Atomic Number
9.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1
9.3 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
9.3.1 Crystal Lattice
9.4 Atom
9.4.1 Number of Protons
9.4.2 Number of Neutrons
9.4.3 Number of Electrons
9.5 Radius of an Atom
9.5.1 Atomic Radius
139.00 pm151.00 pm
112
265
9.5.2 Covalent Radius
136.00 pm144.00 pm
96
260
9.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm166.00 pm
139
348
9.6 Atomic Weight
47.87 amu196.97 amu
6.94
294
9.7 Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol10.20 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
9.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
9.8.1 Previous Element
9.8.2 Next Element
9.9 Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)43.40 (-eV)
8
392.42
9.10 Lattice Constant
392.42 pm407.82 pm
228.58
891.25
9.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
9.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
10 Mechanical
10.1 Density
10.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm319.30 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
10.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm317.31 g/cm3
0.512
20
10.2 Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa120.00 MPa
2.5
11000
10.3 Viscosity
10.4 Vapor Pressure
10.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
10.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)67.00 (Pa)
2.62E-10
774
10.5 Elasticity properties
10.5.1 Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa27.00 GPa
1.3
222
10.5.2 Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa180.00 GPa
1.6
462
10.5.3 Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa79.00 GPa
1.7
528
10.6 Poisson Ratio
10.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
11 Magnetic
11.1 Magnetic Characteristics
11.1.1 Specific Gravity
11.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
11.1.3 Permeability
0.00 H/mNA
1.25643E-06
0.0063
11.1.4 Susceptibility
11.2 Electrical Properties
11.2.1 Electrical Property
11.2.2 Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m2.20 nΩ·m
0.18
961
11.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω0.45 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
11.2.4 Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol222.80 kJ/mol
0
222.8
12 Thermal
12.1 Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)0.13 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
12.2 Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K25.42 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
12.3 Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K318.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
12.4 Critical Temperature
12.5 Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)14.20 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
12.6 Enthalpy
12.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol324.40 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
12.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol12.55 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
12.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol364.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
12.7 Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K47.40 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1