1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
2.5 Period Number
2.6 Block
2.7 Element Family
2.8 CAS Number
74400977439954
7429905
54386242
3.3 Space Group Name
3.4 Space Group Number
6 Facts
6.1 Interesting Facts
- In the list of most abundant element Potassium is ranked 7th.
- Potassium can easily be sliced (chopped) down using knife.
- Magnesium ions are present in every chlorophyll of every green plant .
- Controlling Magnesium fire by pouring water on it will result in explosions.
6.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
By Electrolysis Process, In Ocean, Mining
6.3 History
6.3.1 Who Discovered
Humphry Davy
Joseph Black
6.3.2 Discovery
6.4 Abundance
6.4.1 Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-4 %6 * 10-2 %
5E-09
0.11
7.3.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0004 %~0.07 %
1E-08
0.1
8.3.2 Abundance In Meteorites
8.5.3 Abundance In Earth's Crust
9.2.3 Abundance In Oceans
10.4.1 Abundance In Humans
11 Uses
11.1 Uses & Benefits
- Potassium’s compounds are in high demand for their application in Fertilizer manufacturing.
- Potassium carbonate is used in glass manufacturing and Potassium carbonate in manufacturing detergent and body wash.
- Magnesium aluminum alloy improves the mechanical strength and welding characteristics and hence it is used in aeroplane and car manufacturing.
-
It is also used to remove sulfur from the molten iron and steel.
11.1.2 Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Pharmaceutical Industry
11.1.3 Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
11.1.4 Other Uses
NA
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
11.2 Biological Properties
11.2.1 Toxicity
11.3.2 Present in Human Body
11.3.4 In Blood
1,620.00 Blood/mg dm-337.80 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
12.2.3 In Bone
2,100.00 p.p.m.1,800.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
13 Physical
13.1 Melting Point
63.65 °C650.00 °C
27
3410
13.4 Boiling Point
774.00 °C1,107.00 °C
147
5660
13.7 Appearance
13.7.1 Physical State
13.7.2 Color
13.7.3 Luster
13.8 Hardness
13.8.1 Mohs Hardness
13.10.5 Brinell Hardness
0.36 MPa260.00 MPa
0.14
3490
14.2.3 Vickers Hardness
14.3 Speed of Sound
2,000.00 m/s4,940.00 m/s
818
16200
14.5 Optical Properties
14.5.1 Refractive Index
14.5.6 Reflectivity
14.6 Allotropes
14.6.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
14.6.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
14.6.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
15 Chemical
15.1 Chemical Formula
15.2 Isotopes
15.2.1 Known Isotopes
15.3 Electronegativity
15.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
15.3.8 Sanderson Electronegativity
15.5.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
15.5.7 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
15.6.3 Allen Electronegativity
16.2 Electropositivity
16.2.1 Pauling Electropositivity
16.6 Ionization Energies
16.6.1 1st Energy Level
418.80 kJ/mol737.70 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
16.6.4 2nd Energy Level
3,052.00 kJ/mol1,450.70 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
16.7.2 3rd Energy Level
4,420.00 kJ/mol7,732.70 kJ/mol
1600
34230
16.7.5 4th Energy Level
5,877.00 kJ/mol10,542.50 kJ/mol
2780
37066
16.8.1 5th Energy Level
7,975.00 kJ/mol13,630.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
16.9.2 6th Energy Level
9,590.00 kJ/mol18,020.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
17.1.1 7th Energy level
11,343.00 kJ/mol21,711.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
17.1.5 8th Energy Level
14,944.00 kJ/mol25,661.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
17.1.7 9th Energy Level
16,963.70 kJ/mol31,653.00 kJ/mol
14110
134700
17.4.2 10th Energy Level
48,610.00 kJ/mol35,458.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
17.4.4 11th Energy Level
54,490.00 kJ/mol169,988.00 kJ/mol
19900
169988
17.5.1 12th Energy Level
60,730.00 kJ/mol189,368.00 kJ/mol
22219
189368
17.5.3 13th Energy Level
68,950.00 kJ/molNA
26930
76015
17.5.5 14th Energy Level
75,900.00 kJ/molNA
29196
86450
17.6.1 15th Energy Level
83,080.00 kJ/molNA
41987
97510
17.6.3 16th Energy Level
93,400.00 kJ/molNA
47206
109480
17.6.6 17th Energy Level
99,710.00 kJ/molNA
52737
122200
17.8.3 18th Energy Level
17.9.2 19th Energy Level
17.10.2 20th Energy Level
17.10.5 21st Energy Level
17.12.1 22nd Energy Level
17.12.3 23rd Energy Level
18.1.3 24th Energy Level
18.1.7 25th Energy Level
18.2.1 26th Energy Level
18.3.1 27th Energy Level
18.3.2 28th Energy Level
18.5.1 29th Energy Level
19.2.1 30th Energy Level
19.3 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.46 g/amp-hr0.45 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
19.8 Electron Work Function
19.12 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Corrosion, Highly Inflammable, Ionization, Solubility
20 Atomic
20.1 Atomic Number
20.3 Electron Configuration
20.4 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
20.4.1 Crystal Lattice
20.5 Atom
20.5.1 Number of Protons
21.1.2 Number of Neutrons
21.1.6 Number of Electrons
21.3 Radius of an Atom
21.3.1 Atomic Radius
227.00 pm160.00 pm
112
265
21.5.1 Covalent Radius
203.00 pm141.00 pm
96
260
22.2.1 Van der Waals Radius
275.00 pm173.00 pm
139
348
22.6 Atomic Weight
39.10 amu24.31 amu
6.94
294
22.10 Atomic Volume
45.46 cm3/mol13.97 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
23.2 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
23.2.1 Previous Element
23.2.2 Next Element
23.3 Valence Electron Potential
10.40 (-eV)40.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
23.4 Lattice Constant
532.80 pm320.94 pm
228.58
891.25
24.4 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
24.5 Lattice C/A Ratio
25 Mechanical
25.1 Density
25.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
0.86 g/cm31.74 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
26.3.4 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.83 g/cm31.58 g/cm3
0.512
20
26.5 Tensile Strength
26.9 Viscosity
26.11 Vapor Pressure
26.11.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
26.11.3 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
26.12 Elasticity properties
26.12.1 Shear Modulus
1.30 GPa17.00 GPa
1.3
222
26.13.1 Bulk Modulus
3.10 GPa45.00 GPa
1.6
462
28.2.1 Young's Modulus
3.53 GPa45.00 GPa
1.7
528
28.4 Poisson Ratio
28.7 Other Mechanical Properties
29 Magnetic
29.1 Magnetic Characteristics
29.1.1 Specific Gravity
29.2.1 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
29.2.2 Permeability
29.2.4 Susceptibility
29.4 Electrical Properties
29.4.1 Electrical Property
29.4.2 Resistivity
72.00 nΩ·m43.90 nΩ·m
0.18
961
30.1.1 Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm Ω0.23 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
30.2.1 Electron Affinity
48.40 kJ/mol0.00 kJ/mol
0
222.8
31 Thermal
31.1 Specific Heat
0.75 J/(kg K)1.02 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
31.3 Molar Heat Capacity
29.60 J/mol·K24.87 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
31.5 Thermal Conductivity
102.50 W/m·K156.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
31.7 Critical Temperature
31.9 Thermal Expansion
83.30 µm/(m·K)24.80 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
31.10 Enthalpy
31.10.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
77.50 kJ/mol128.70 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
31.11.1 Enthalpy of Fusion
2.32 kJ/mol8.95 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
31.11.2 Enthalpy of Atomization
89.50 kJ/mol148.50 kJ/mol
61.5
837
31.12 Standard Molar Entropy
64.70 J/mol.K32.70 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1