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Potassium
Potassium

Manganese
Manganese



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Potassium
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Potassium vs Manganese

1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
K
Mn
1.2 Group Number
17
Gadolinium
0 17
1.3 Period Number
44
Lithium
2 7
1.4 Block
s block
d block
1.5 Element Family
Alkali
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
74400977439965
Aluminium
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
I_ 43m
1.8 Space Group Number
229.00217.00
Plutonium
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • In the list of most abundant element Potassium is ranked 7th.
  • Potassium can easily be sliced (chopped) down using knife.
  • Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
  • Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Humphry Davy
Johann Gottlieb Gahn
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1807
In 1774
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-4 %8 * 10-4 %
Thallium
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0004 %~0.001 %
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
0.07 %0.27 %
Gold
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
1.50 %0.11 %
Radium
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
0.04 %0.00 %
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
0.20 %0.00 %
Radium
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Potassium’s compounds are in high demand for their application in Fertilizer manufacturing.
  • Potassium carbonate is used in glass manufacturing and Potassium carbonate in manufacturing detergent and body wash.
  • This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
  • Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
NA
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Toxic
Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
1,620.00 Blood/mg dm-30.08 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
2,100.00 p.p.m.100.00 p.p.m.
Plutonium
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
63.65 °C1,245.00 °C
Francium
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
774.00 °C1,962.00 °C
Flerovium
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silvery Gray
Silver
4.3.3 Luster
NA
Metallic
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
0.406.00
Cesium
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
0.36 MPa196.00 MPa
Cesium
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
NANA
Palladium
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
2,000.00 m/s5,150.00 m/s
Thallium
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
NANA
Molybdenum
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
K
Mn
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
2021
Tennessine
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
0.821.55
Francium
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
0.452.20
Cesium
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.911.60
Cesium
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.73NA
Cesium
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
0.731.75
Cesium
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
3.182.45
Gold
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
418.80 kJ/mol717.30 kJ/mol
Cesium
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
3,052.00 kJ/mol1,509.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
4,420.00 kJ/mol3,248.00 kJ/mol
Osmium
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
5,877.00 kJ/mol4,940.00 kJ/mol
Thorium
2780 37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
7,975.00 kJ/mol6,990.00 kJ/mol
Dubnium
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
9,590.00 kJ/mol9,220.00 kJ/mol
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
11,343.00 kJ/mol11,500.00 kJ/mol
Bohrium
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
14,944.00 kJ/mol18,770.00 kJ/mol
Hassium
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
16,963.70 kJ/mol21,400.00 kJ/mol
Yttrium
14110 134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
48,610.00 kJ/mol23,960.00 kJ/mol
Strontium
17100 144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
54,490.00 kJ/mol27,590.00 kJ/mol
Yttrium
19900 169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
60,730.00 kJ/mol30,330.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum
22219 189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
68,950.00 kJ/mol33,150.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum
26930 76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
75,900.00 kJ/mol38,880.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum
29196 86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
83,080.00 kJ/mol41,987.00 kJ/mol
Copper
41987 97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
93,400.00 kJ/mol109,480.00 kJ/mol
Iron
47206 109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
99,710.00 kJ/mol118,100.00 kJ/mol
Cobalt
52737 122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
NA127,100.00 kJ/mol
Nickel
58570 134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
NA138,600.00 kJ/mol
Copper
64702 148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
NA148,500.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum
80400 171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
NA158,600.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum
87000 179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
NA172,500.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum
93400 184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
NA181,380.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum
98420 198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
104400 195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
121900 121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
127700 127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
133800 133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
139800 139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
148100 148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
154500 154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.46 g/amp-hr0.29 g/amp-hr
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
2.30 eV4.10 eV
Cesium
2.14 5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
1925
Lithium
3 117
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Ar] 4s1
[Ar] 3d5 4s2
6.3 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
1925
Lithium
3 117
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
2030
Lithium
4 184
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
1925
Lithium
3 117
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
227.00 pm127.00 pm
Beryllium
112 265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
203.00 pm139.00 pm
Beryllium
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
275.00 pm200.00 pm
Zinc
139 348
6.6 Atomic Weight
39.10 amu54.94 amu
Lithium
6.94 294
6.7 Atomic Volume
45.46 cm3/mol1.39 cm3/mol
Palladium
1.39 71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
10.40 (-eV)220.00 (-eV)
Francium
8 392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
532.80 pm891.25 pm
Beryllium
228.58 891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
Beryllium
1.567 1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
0.86 g/cm37.21 g/cm3
Lithium
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.83 g/cm35.95 g/cm3
Lithium
0.512 20
7.2 Tensile Strength
NANA
Indium
2.5 11000
7.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NA0.00 (Pa)
Cerium
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NANA
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
1.30 GPaNA
Palladium
1.3 222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
3.10 GPa120.00 GPa
Cesium
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
3.53 GPa198.00 GPa
Cesium
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
NANA
Beryllium
0.032 0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
0.867.21
Lithium
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063
1.2.1 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000
1.4 Electrical Properties
1.4.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
1.4.2 Resistivity
72.00 nΩ·m1.44 nΩ·m
Thallium
0.18 961
1.7.1 Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm Ω0.01 106/cm Ω
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63
1.9.1 Electron Affinity
48.40 kJ/mol0.00 kJ/mol
Mercury
0 222.8
3 Thermal
3.1 Specific Heat
0.75 J/(kg K)0.48 J/(kg K)
Americium
0.11 3.6
3.2 Molar Heat Capacity
29.60 J/mol·K26.32 J/mol·K
Beryllium
16.443 62.7
3.3 Thermal Conductivity
102.50 W/m·K7.81 W/m·K
Neptunium
6.3 429
3.4 Critical Temperature
2,223.00 KNA
Ytterbium
26.3 3223
3.5 Thermal Expansion
83.30 µm/(m·K)21.70 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten
4.5 97
4.3 Enthalpy
4.3.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
77.50 kJ/mol219.70 kJ/mol
Zinc
7.32 799.1
4.3.3 Enthalpy of Fusion
2.32 kJ/mol14.64 kJ/mol
Cesium
2.1 35.23
5.1.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
89.50 kJ/mol280.30 kJ/mol
Mercury
61.5 837
5.4 Standard Molar Entropy
64.70 J/mol.K32.00 J/mol.K
Beryllium
9.5 198.1