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Promethium
Promethium

Indium
Indium



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Promethium
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Indium

Promethium Indium Comparison

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Pm
In
1.2 Group Number
NA13
Gadolinium Metal
0 17
1.3 Period Number
65
Lithium Metal
2 7
1.4 Block
f block
p block
1.5 Element Family
Lanthanide
Post-​Transition
1.6 CAS Number
74401227440746
Aluminium Metal
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
Not Available
I4/mmm
1.8 Space Group Number
NA139.00
Plutonium Metal
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Promethium metal found in Pitchblende.
  • Promethium metal is highly radioactive metal.
  • Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
  • Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Mining, Ores of metals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1942
In 1863
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
NA3 * 10-8 %
Thallium Metal
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.0000004 %
Beryllium Metal
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
NA0.00 %
Gold Metal
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
NA0.00 %
Radium Metal
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
NA0.00 %
Protactinium Metal
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
NANA
Radium Metal
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • It is used for research purpose. Very small amount of this metal is used in atomic batteries.
  • Its radioactive decay is used for a phosphor to give off light. The light emitted is converted into electricity.
  • It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
  • Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
Medical Research
3.1.3 Other Uses
NA
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3NA
Plutonium Metal
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
NANA
Plutonium Metal
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
1,042.00 °C156.61 °C
Francium Metal
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
3,000.00 °C2,000.00 °C
Flerovium Metal
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Unknown
Silvery Gray
4.3.3 Luster
Metallic
Lustrous
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
NA1.20
Cesium Metal
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
NA8.80 MPa
Cesium Metal
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
NANA
Palladium Metal
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
NA1,215.00 m/s
Thallium Metal
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury Metal
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Pm
In
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
2735
Tennessine Metal
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
NA1.78
Francium Metal
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
NA2.14
Cesium Metal
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.071.49
Cesium Metal
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
NA1.76
Cesium Metal
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
NA1.66
Cesium Metal
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
NA2.22
Gold Metal
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
540.00 kJ/mol558.30 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,050.00 kJ/mol1,820.70 kJ/mol
Ruthenium Metal
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
2,150.00 kJ/mol2,704.00 kJ/mol
Osmium Metal
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
3,970.00 kJ/mol5,210.00 kJ/mol
Thorium Metal
2780 37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
NANA
Dubnium Metal
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
NANA
Seaborgium Metal
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium Metal
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium Metal
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
14110 134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium Metal
17100 144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
19900 169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
22219 189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
26930 76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
29196 86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese Metal
41987 97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron Metal
47206 109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt Metal
52737 122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel Metal
58570 134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper Metal
64702 148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
80400 171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
87000 179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
93400 184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
98420 198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
104400 195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
121900 121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
127700 127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
133800 133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
139800 139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
148100 148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
154500 154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.80 g/amp-hr1.43 g/amp-hr
Beryllium Metal
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
NA4.12 eV
Cesium Metal
2.14 5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
6149
Lithium Metal
3 117
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f5 6s2
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
6.3 Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Tetragonal (TETR)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
6149
Lithium Metal
3 117
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
8466
Lithium Metal
4 184
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
6149
Lithium Metal
3 117
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
183.00 pm167.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
112 265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
199.00 pm142.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
236.00 pm193.00 pm
Zinc Metal
139 348
6.6 Atomic Weight
145.00 amu114.82 amu
Lithium Metal
6.94 294
6.7 Atomic Volume
22.39 cm3/mol15.70 cm3/mol
Manganese Metal
1.39 71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
44.10 (-eV)54.00 (-eV)
Francium Metal
8 392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
NA325.23 pm
Beryllium Metal
228.58 891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
Unknown
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
Beryllium Metal
1.567 1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
7.26 g/cm37.31 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
NA7.02 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.512 20
7.2 Tensile Strength
NA2.50 MPa
Gold
2.5 11000
7.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury Metal
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NA0.01 (Pa)
Cerium Metal
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NANA
Tungsten Metal
2.62E-10 774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
18.00 GPaNA
Potassium Metal
1.3 222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
33.00 GPaNA
Cesium Metal
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
46.00 GPa11.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
0.28NA
Beryllium Metal
0.032 0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
7.267.31
Lithium Metal
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth Metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth Metal
-0.000166 200000
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
0.75 nΩ·m83.70 nΩ·m
Thallium Metal
0.18 961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
NA0.12 106/cm Ω
Plutonium Metal
0.00666 0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol28.90 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
0 222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)0.23 J/(kg K)
Americium Metal
0.11 3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
NA26.74 J/mol·K
Beryllium Metal
16.443 62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
17.90 W/m·K81.80 W/m·K
Neptunium Metal
6.3 429
9.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium Metal
26.3 3223
9.5 Thermal Expansion
9.00 µm/(m·K)32.10 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten Metal
4.5 97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA226.40 kJ/mol
Zinc Metal
7.32 799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
7.50 kJ/mol3.28 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
2.1 35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
310.00 kJ/mol242.70 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
61.5 837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
NA57.80 J/mol.K
Beryllium Metal
9.5 198.1