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Protactinium Polonium Comparison

Protactinium
Polonium
Polonium Protactinium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pa   
Po   
Group Number
Not Available   
16   
2
Period Number
7   
6   
Block
f block   
p block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Post-​Transition   
CAS Number
7440133   
99+
7440086   
99+
Space Group Name
I4/mmm   
Pm-3m   
Space Group Number
139.00   
8
221.00   
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Protactinium metal has 29 isotopes.
  • Isotopes of Protactinium-231 used in nuclear weapon.
  
  • Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
  • Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
  • Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
  
Sources
Found in Uranium Ores, Mining, Ores of metals   
Mining, Ores of metals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
William Crookes   
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie   
Discovery
In 1900   
In 1898   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Protactinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
  • A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,568.00 °C   
21
254.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
4,027.00 °C   
12
962.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Silver   
Luster
Metallic   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
α-polonium   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
β-polonium   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pa   
Po   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
27   
12
29   
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50   
27
2.00   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.14   
28
1.76   
2
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.48   
1
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.19   
2
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50   
27
2.00   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol   
99+
812.10 kJ/mol   
14
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
3rd Energy Level
1,814.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
4th Energy Level
2,991.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.72 g/amp-hr   
99+
3.90 g/amp-hr   
8
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
91   
27
84   
32
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4   
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)   
Monoclinic (MON)   
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Protactinium.jpg#100   
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
91   
27
84   
32
Number of Neutrons
122   
21
125   
19
Number of Electrons
91   
27
84   
32
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
163.00 pm   
25
168.00 pm   
23
Covalent Radius
200.00 pm   
11
140.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
243.00 pm   
11
197.00 pm   
29
Atomic Weight
231.04 amu   
24
209.00 amu   
28
Atomic Volume
15.00 cm3/mol   
34
22.23 cm3/mol   
13
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Thorium
  
Bismuth
  
Next Element
Uranium
  
Francium
  
Valence Electron Potential
92.00 (-eV)   
11
Not Available   
Lattice Constant
392.50 pm   
23
335.90 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
15.37 g/cm3   
20
9.20 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
9.40 g/cm3   
19
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
15.37   
12
9.32   
31
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Nonmagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
177.00 nΩ·m   
21
0.40 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω   
34
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
183.30 kJ/mol   
3
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
26.40 J/mol·K   
28
Thermal Conductivity
47.00 W/m·K   
32
20.00 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)   
40
23.50 µm/(m·K)   
16
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
60.30 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
12.34 kJ/mol   
28
13.00 kJ/mol   
26
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
134.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
198.10 J/mol.K   
1
Not Available   
Summary >>
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