Protactinium vs Osmium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pa
Os
Group Number
Not Available
8
10
Period Number
7
6
Block
f block
d block
Element Family
Actinide
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440133
99+
7440042
99+
Space Group Name
I4/mmm
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
139.00
8
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Protactinium metal has 29 isotopes.
- Isotopes of Protactinium-231 used in nuclear weapon.
- Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
- But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
Sources
Found in Uranium Ores, Mining, Ores of metals
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
William Crookes
Smithson Tennant
Discovery
In 1900
In 1803
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
3 * 10-7 %
21
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.0000002 %
25
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.00 %
28
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Protactinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
- Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
- It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
NA
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
Not Available
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,568.00 °C
21
3,045.00 °C
3
Boiling Point
4,027.00 °C
12
5,027.00 °C
6
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silver
Silvery Bluish-Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
7.00
3
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
3,490.00 MPa
1
Speed of Sound
Not Available
4,940.00 m/s
11
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pa
Os
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
27
12
35
4
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50
27
2.20
4
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.14
28
1.52
12
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
1.65
19
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50
27
1.80
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol
99+
840.00 kJ/mol
12
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,309.80 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,814.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,600.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
2,991.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.72 g/amp-hr
99+
1.77 g/amp-hr
38
Electron Work Function
Not Available
4.83 eV
8
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
91
27
76
40
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Protactinium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
91
27
76
39
Number of Neutrons
122
21
114
25
Number of Electrons
91
27
76
39
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
163.00 pm
25
133.80 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
200.00 pm
11
Not Available
Van der Waals Radius
243.00 pm
11
216.00 pm
24
Atomic Weight
231.04 amu
24
190.23 amu
35
Atomic Volume
15.00 cm3/mol
34
8.49 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
92.00 (-eV)
11
91.40 (-eV)
12
Lattice Constant
392.50 pm
23
273.44 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
1.58
14
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
15.37 g/cm3
20
22.59 g/cm3
9
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
20.00 g/cm3
1
Tensile Strength
Not Available
1,000.00 MPa
4
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
28
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
222.00 GPa
1
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
462.00 GPa
1
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.25
24
Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown
Ductile
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
15.37
12
22.57
2
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
177.00 nΩ·m
21
81.20 nΩ·m
35
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω
34
0.11 106/cm Ω
18
Electron Affinity
Not Available
106.10 kJ/mol
9
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
24.70 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
47.00 W/m·K
32
87.60 W/m·K
19
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)
40
5.10 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
627.60 kJ/mol
7
Enthalpy of Fusion
12.34 kJ/mol
28
29.30 kJ/mol
4
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available
669.00 kJ/mol
6
Standard Molar Entropy
198.10 J/mol.K
1
32.60 J/mol.K
99+
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