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Protactinium vs Osmium

Protactinium
Osmium
Osmium vs Protactinium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pa   
Os   
Group Number
Not Available   
8   
10
Period Number
7   
6   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440133   
99+
7440042   
99+
Space Group Name
I4/mmm   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
139.00   
8
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Protactinium metal has 29 isotopes.
  • Isotopes of Protactinium-231 used in nuclear weapon.
  
  • Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
  • But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
  
Sources
Found in Uranium Ores, Mining, Ores of metals   
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
William Crookes   
Smithson Tennant   
Discovery
In 1900   
In 1803   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
3 * 10-7 %   
21
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0000002 %   
25
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
28
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Protactinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
Not Available   
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Not Available   
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,568.00 °C   
21
3,045.00 °C   
3
Boiling Point
4,027.00 °C   
12
5,027.00 °C   
6
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Silvery Bluish-Gray   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
7.00   
3
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
3,490.00 MPa   
1
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
4,940.00 m/s   
11
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pa   
Os   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
27   
12
35   
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50   
27
2.20   
4
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.14   
28
1.52   
12
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.65   
19
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50   
27
1.80   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol   
99+
840.00 kJ/mol   
12
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,309.80 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,814.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,600.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
2,991.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.72 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.77 g/amp-hr   
38
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.83 eV   
8
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
91   
27
76   
40
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Protactinium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
91   
27
76   
39
Number of Neutrons
122   
21
114   
25
Number of Electrons
91   
27
76   
39
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
163.00 pm   
25
133.80 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
200.00 pm   
11
Not Available   
Van der Waals Radius
243.00 pm   
11
216.00 pm   
24
Atomic Weight
231.04 amu   
24
190.23 amu   
35
Atomic Volume
15.00 cm3/mol   
34
8.49 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Thorium
  
Rhenium
  
Next Element
Uranium
  
Iridium
  
Valence Electron Potential
92.00 (-eV)   
11
91.40 (-eV)   
12
Lattice Constant
392.50 pm   
23
273.44 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.58   
14
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
15.37 g/cm3   
20
22.59 g/cm3   
9
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
20.00 g/cm3   
1
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
1,000.00 MPa   
4
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
28
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
222.00 GPa   
1
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
462.00 GPa   
1
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.25   
24
Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown   
Ductile   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
15.37   
12
22.57   
2
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
177.00 nΩ·m   
21
81.20 nΩ·m   
35
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω   
34
0.11 106/cm Ω   
18
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
106.10 kJ/mol   
9
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
24.70 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
47.00 W/m·K   
32
87.60 W/m·K   
19
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)   
40
5.10 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
627.60 kJ/mol   
7
Enthalpy of Fusion
12.34 kJ/mol   
28
29.30 kJ/mol   
4
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
669.00 kJ/mol   
6
Standard Molar Entropy
198.10 J/mol.K   
1
32.60 J/mol.K   
99+
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