1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.4 Period Number
1.6 Block
1.7 Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Lanthanide
1.8 CAS Number
74401447440100
7429905
54386242
1.10 Space Group Name
1.11 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
- Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
- Praseodymium metal is synthetically produced metal.
- Praseodymium is used as possible fuel for radioactive generators.
2.2 Sources
Mining, Ores of metals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Not Available
Not Available
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2.4.3 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.0000001 %
1E-08
0.1
2.5.1 Abundance In Meteorites
3.1.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.1.5 Abundance In Oceans
3.1.7 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
-
It is used in luminous paints.
- The main use of Praseodymium include alloys. Praseodymium –Magnesium alloy is used in aircraft engines due to its high strength.
-
This metal is also used while making a permanent magnets.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
4.1.2 Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
4.1.3 Other Uses
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Moderately Toxic
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
4.2.4 In Bone
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
700.00 °C935.00 °C
27
3410
5.2 Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C3,130.00 °C
147
5660
6.2 Appearance
6.2.1 Physical State
6.2.2 Color
Silvery White
Grayish White
6.2.3 Luster
6.3 Hardness
6.3.1 Mohs Hardness
6.5.1 Brinell Hardness
6.6.1 Vickers Hardness
6.8 Speed of Sound
6.10 Optical Properties
6.10.1 Refractive Index
6.10.3 Reflectivity
6.11 Allotropes
6.12.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6.12.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6.12.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7 Chemical
7.1 Chemical Formula
7.2 Isotopes
7.2.1 Known Isotopes
7.3 Electronegativity
7.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
7.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
7.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
7.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
7.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
7.4 Electropositivity
7.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
7.5 Ionization Energies
7.5.1 1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol527.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
7.5.2 2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol1,020.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
7.5.3 3rd Energy Level
NA2,086.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
7.5.4 4th Energy Level
NA3,761.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
7.5.5 5th Energy Level
NA5,551.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
7.5.6 6th Energy Level
7.5.7 7th Energy level
7.5.8 8th Energy Level
7.5.9 9th Energy Level
7.5.10 10th Energy Level
7.5.11 11th Energy Level
7.5.12 12th Energy Level
7.5.13 13th Energy Level
7.5.14 14th Energy Level
7.5.15 15th Energy Level
7.5.16 16th Energy Level
7.5.17 17th Energy Level
7.5.18 18th Energy Level
7.5.19 19th Energy Level
7.5.20 20th Energy Level
7.5.21 21st Energy Level
7.5.22 22nd Energy Level
7.5.23 23rd Energy Level
7.5.24 24th Energy Level
7.5.25 25th Energy Level
7.5.26 26th Energy Level
7.5.27 27th Energy Level
7.5.28 28th Energy Level
7.5.29 29th Energy Level
7.5.30 30th Energy Level
7.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr1.75 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
7.7 Electron Work Function
7.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
8 Atomic
8.1 Atomic Number
8.2 Electron Configuration
8.3 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
8.3.1 Crystal Lattice
8.4 Atom
8.4.1 Number of Protons
8.4.2 Number of Neutrons
8.4.3 Number of Electrons
8.5 Radius of an Atom
8.5.1 Atomic Radius
8.5.2 Covalent Radius
221.00 pm203.00 pm
96
260
8.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm239.00 pm
139
348
8.6 Atomic Weight
226.00 amu140.91 amu
6.94
294
8.7 Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol20.80 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
8.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
8.8.1 Previous Element
8.8.2 Next Element
8.9 Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)42.64 (-eV)
8
392.42
8.10 Lattice Constant
514.80 pm367.25 pm
228.58
891.25
8.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
8.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
9 Mechanical
9.1 Density
9.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm36.77 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
9.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.2 Tensile Strength
9.3 Viscosity
9.4 Vapor Pressure
9.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
9.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NA13.20 (Pa)
2.62E-10
774
9.5 Elasticity properties
9.5.1 Shear Modulus
9.5.2 Bulk Modulus
9.5.3 Young's Modulus
9.6 Poisson Ratio
9.7 Other Mechanical Properties
10 Magnetic
10.1 Magnetic Characteristics
10.1.1 Specific Gravity
10.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
10.1.3 Permeability
10.1.4 Susceptibility
10.2 Electrical Properties
10.2.1 Electrical Property
10.2.2 Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m0.70 nΩ·m
0.18
961
10.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
NA0.01 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
10.2.4 Electron Affinity
11 Thermal
11.1 Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)0.19 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
11.2 Molar Heat Capacity
NA27.20 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
11.3 Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K12.50 W/m·K
6.3
429
11.4 Critical Temperature
11.5 Thermal Expansion
11.6 Enthalpy
11.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA296.80 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
1.1.1 Enthalpy of Fusion
1.4.2 Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol368.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
1.5 Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K73.20 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1