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Rhenium vs Chromium

Rhenium
Chromium
Chromium vs Rhenium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Re  
Cr  
Group Number
7  
11
6  
12
Period Number
6  
4  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440155  
99+
7440473  
39
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
5
229.00  
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
  • Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
  
  • Chromium is highly reactive, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Ores of Chromites mineral are the major source of Chromium metal.
  • Almost 90% leather tanning is done with the help of chromium.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Masataka Ogawa  
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin  
Discovery
In 1908  
In Between 1797 - 1798  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %  
29
1.5 * 10-3 %  
7
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %  
29
~0.002 %  
7
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.30 %  
7
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.01 %  
13
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
34
0.00 %  
16
Abundance In Humans
Not Available  
0.00 %  
16
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
  • Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
  
  • It is used to harden the steel and produces a stainless steel and other various alloys.
  • It is also used to give proper finish to polished mirrors. Its chromium plates are used in bathroom fittings.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
NA  
NA  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
Not Available  
0.11 Blood/mg dm-3  
12
In Bone
Not Available  
0.33 p.p.m.  
21
Physical Properties
Melting Point
3,180.00 °C  
2
1,857.00 °C  
14
Boiling Point
5,627.00 °C  
2
2,672.00 °C  
39
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
Silver  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.00  
3
8.50  
1
Brinell Hardness
1,320.00 MPa  
8
687.00 MPa  
16
Vickers Hardness
1,350.00 MPa  
7
1,060.00 MPa  
10
Speed of Sound
4,700.00 m/s  
15
5,940.00 m/s  
5
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Re  
Cr  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
21  
18
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90  
11
1.66  
18
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available  
1.66  
14
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.46  
15
1.56  
10
Allen Electronegativity
1.60  
21
1.65  
19
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10  
99+
2.34  
36
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
20
26,130.00 kJ/mol  
1
2nd Energy Level
1,260.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28,750.00 kJ/mol  
1
3rd Energy Level
2,510.00 kJ/mol  
99+
34,230.00 kJ/mol  
1
4th Energy Level
3,640.00 kJ/mol  
99+
37,066.00 kJ/mol  
1
5th Energy Level
Not Available  
97,510.00 kJ/mol  
1
6th Energy Level
Not Available  
105,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
7th Energy level
Not Available  
114,300.00 kJ/mol  
1
8th Energy Level
Not Available  
125,300.00 kJ/mol  
1
9th Energy Level
Not Available  
134,700.00 kJ/mol  
1
10th Energy Level
Not Available  
144,300.00 kJ/mol  
1
11th Energy Level
Not Available  
26,130.00 kJ/mol  
12
12th Energy Level
Not Available  
28,750.00 kJ/mol  
13
13th Energy Level
Not Available  
34,230.00 kJ/mol  
10
14th Energy Level
Not Available  
37,066.00 kJ/mol  
12
15th Energy Level
Not Available  
97,510.00 kJ/mol  
1
16th Energy Level
Not Available  
105,800.00 kJ/mol  
2
17th Energy Level
Not Available  
114,300.00 kJ/mol  
3
18th Energy Level
Not Available  
125,300.00 kJ/mol  
4
19th Energy Level
Not Available  
134,700.00 kJ/mol  
5
20th Energy Level
Not Available  
144,300.00 kJ/mol  
7
21st Energy Level
Not Available  
157,700.00 kJ/mol  
7
22nd Energy Level
Not Available  
166,090.00 kJ/mol  
6
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.99 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.32 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.96 eV  
7
4.50 eV  
14
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
75  
99+
24  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2  
[Ar] 3d5 4s1  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
75  
40
24  
99+
Number of Neutrons
111  
26
28  
99+
Number of Electrons
75  
40
24  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
137.00 pm  
40
128.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
151.00 pm  
34
139.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
28
200.00 pm  
28
Atomic Weight
186.21 amu  
36
52.00 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
8.85 cm3/mol  
99+
7.23 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tungsten
  
Vanadium
  
Next Element
Osmium
  
Manganese
  
Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)  
3
170.00 (-eV)  
4
Lattice Constant
276.10 pm  
99+
291.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62  
3
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
21.02 g/cm3  
12
7.19 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
18.90 g/cm3  
4
6.30 g/cm3  
40
Tensile Strength
1,070.00 MPa  
3
689.00 MPa  
7
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available  
0.00 (Pa)  
24
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
29
774.00 (Pa)  
1
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
178.00 GPa  
3
115.00 GPa  
9
Bulk Modulus
370.00 GPa  
2
160.00 GPa  
11
Young's Modulus
463.00 GPa  
2
279.00 GPa  
8
Poisson Ratio
0.30  
14
0.21  
32
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
NA  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.02  
5
7.19  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Antiferromagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
NA  
Resistivity
193.00 nΩ·m  
20
125.00 nΩ·m  
27
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω  
33
0.08 106/cm Ω  
25
Electron Affinity
14.50 kJ/mol  
35
64.30 kJ/mol  
15
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
39
0.45 J/(kg K)  
12
Molar Heat Capacity
25.48 J/mol·K  
38
23.35 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
48.00 W/m·K  
31
93.90 W/m·K  
17
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
6.20 µm/(m·K)  
99+
4.90 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
707.10 kJ/mol  
3
348.80 kJ/mol  
24
Enthalpy of Fusion
33.05 kJ/mol  
2
15.31 kJ/mol  
20
Enthalpy of Atomization
791.00 kJ/mol  
2
397.50 kJ/mol  
21
Standard Molar Entropy
36.90 J/mol.K  
99+
23.80 J/mol.K  
99+
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