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Rhenium vs Osmium

Rhenium
Osmium
Osmium vs Rhenium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Re  
Os  
Group Number
7  
11
8  
10
Period Number
6  
6  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440155  
99+
7440042  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
  • Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
  
  • Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
  • But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Masataka Ogawa  
Smithson Tennant  
Discovery
In 1908  
In 1803  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
22
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
29
0.00 %  
25
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
28
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
34
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
  • Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
  
  • Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
3,180.00 °C  
2
3,045.00 °C  
3
Boiling Point
5,627.00 °C  
2
5,027.00 °C  
6
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
Silvery Bluish-Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.00  
3
7.00  
3
Brinell Hardness
1,320.00 MPa  
8
3,490.00 MPa  
1
Vickers Hardness
1,350.00 MPa  
12
3,920.00 MPa  
1
Speed of Sound
4,700.00 m/s  
19
4,940.00 m/s  
15
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.90  
18
2.07  
12
Reflectivity
70.00 %  
13
80.00 %  
7
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Re  
Os  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
35  
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90  
12
2.20  
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.90  
13
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.46  
16
1.52  
13
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.90  
13
2.20  
6
Allen Electronegativity
1.60  
24
1.65  
22
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10  
99+
1.80  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
20
840.00 kJ/mol  
12
2nd Energy Level
1,260.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,309.80 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,510.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,640.00 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
20
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
10
6th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
37
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
30
7th Energy level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
31
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
25
8th Energy Level
5,560.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
25
9th Energy Level
5,560.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
31
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
26
11th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
30
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
23
12th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
23
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
14th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
20
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
76,000.00 kJ/mol  
20
84,000.00 kJ/mol  
12
16th Energy Level
76,000.00 kJ/mol  
15
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
760.10 kJ/mol  
36
840.00 kJ/mol  
29
18th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
26
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
19th Energy Level
760.40 kJ/mol  
33
840.00 kJ/mol  
27
20th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
27
840.00 kJ/mol  
19
21st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
39
22nd Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
21
840.00 kJ/mol  
15
23rd Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
840.00 kJ/mol  
11
25th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
26th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
27th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
17
713.30 kJ/mol  
24
28th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
23
840.10 kJ/mol  
13
29th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
24
840.00 kJ/mol  
13
30th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.99 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.77 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.96 eV  
11
4.83 eV  
13
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
75  
99+
76  
40
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
75  
40
76  
39
Number of Neutrons
111  
27
114  
26
Number of Electrons
75  
40
76  
39
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
137.00 pm  
99+
133.80 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
151.00 pm  
36
128.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
216.00 pm  
30
Atomic Weight
186.21 amu  
36
190.23 amu  
35
Atomic Volume
8.85 cm3/mol  
99+
8.49 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tungsten
  
Rhenium
  
Next Element
Osmium
  
Iridium
  
Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)  
3
91.40 (-eV)  
12
Lattice Constant
276.10 pm  
99+
273.44 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62  
17
1.58  
37
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
21.02 g/cm3  
12
22.59 g/cm3  
9
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
18.90 g/cm3  
14
20.00 g/cm3  
11
Tensile Strength
1,070.00 MPa  
3
1,000.00 MPa  
4
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
3
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
16
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
40
0.00 (Pa)  
39
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
178.00 GPa  
3
222.00 GPa  
1
Bulk Modulus
370.00 GPa  
2
462.00 GPa  
1
Young's Modulus
463.00 GPa  
2
528.00 GPa  
1
Poisson Ratio
0.30  
14
0.25  
24
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.02  
14
22.57  
11
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
8
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
26
0.00  
17
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
193.00 nΩ·m  
20
81.20 nΩ·m  
35
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω  
38
0.11 106/cm Ω  
21
Electron Affinity
14.50 kJ/mol  
99+
106.10 kJ/mol  
10
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
25.48 J/mol·K  
99+
24.70 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
48.00 W/m·K  
31
87.60 W/m·K  
19
Critical Temperature
3,459.00 K  
2
3,300.00 K  
3
Thermal Expansion
6.20 µm/(m·K)  
99+
5.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
707.10 kJ/mol  
4
627.60 kJ/mol  
8
Enthalpy of Fusion
33.05 kJ/mol  
2
29.30 kJ/mol  
4
Enthalpy of Atomization
791.00 kJ/mol  
2
669.00 kJ/mol  
6
Standard Molar Entropy
36.90 J/mol.K  
99+
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
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