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Samarium vs Molybdenum

Samarium
Molybdenum
Molybdenum vs Samarium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sm   
Mo   
Group Number
Not Available   
6   
12
Period Number
6   
5   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Lanthanide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440199   
99+
7439987   
99+
Space Group Name
R_ 3m   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
166.00   
6
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Samarium metals helps stimulating body metabolism.
  • Samarium metals was 1st observed by Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac in Dydimia in 1853.
  
  • Molybdenum is highly reactive metal, hence not found free in nature .
  • Till 18th century Molybdenum element were often mistaken as a carbon or Lead.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lecoq de Boisbaudran   
Carl Wilhelm Scheele   
Discovery
In 1879   
In 1778   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %   
19
5 * 10-7 %   
19
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~0.0000009 %   
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
37
0.00 %   
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
29
0.00 %   
39
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
40
0.00 %   
9
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
14
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Magnets of Samarium cobalt alloy are stronger than that of Iron and hence, they are used in microwave application.
  • Samarium metal also used in optical lasers and infrared absorbing glasses and as a neutron absorber.
  
  • Its alloys are used to make engine parts, drills, saw blade, etc.
  • Lubricant additive made up of Molybdenum disulfide is commonly used in the industry. It is also used as a catalyst.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Slightly Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
22
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
31
In Bone
Not Available   
0.70 p.p.m.   
18
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,072.00 °C   
99+
2,617.00 °C   
5
Boiling Point
1,900.00 °C   
99+
4,612.00 °C   
9
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Gray   
Luster
Lustrous   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
5.50   
7
Brinell Hardness
441.00 MPa   
27
1,370.00 MPa   
7
Vickers Hardness
412.00 MPa   
24
1,400.00 MPa   
6
Speed of Sound
2,130.00 m/s   
99+
5,400.00 m/s   
6
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
58.00 %   
15
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Sm   
Mo   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
30   
9
25   
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.17   
40
2.16   
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.15   
19
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07   
32
1.30   
24
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.16   
3
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.83   
14
1.84   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
544.50 kJ/mol   
99+
684.30 kJ/mol   
37
2nd Energy Level
1,070.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,560.00 kJ/mol   
37
3rd Energy Level
2,260.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,618.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
3,990.00 kJ/mol   
37
4,480.00 kJ/mol   
26
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
5,257.00 kJ/mol   
32
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
6,640.80 kJ/mol   
22
7th Energy level
Not Available   
12,125.00 kJ/mol   
13
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
13,860.00 kJ/mol   
16
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
15,835.00 kJ/mol   
16
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
17,980.00 kJ/mol   
18
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
20,190.00 kJ/mol   
17
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
22,219.00 kJ/mol   
15
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
26,930.00 kJ/mol   
13
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
29,196.00 kJ/mol   
13
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
52,490.00 kJ/mol   
7
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
55,000.00 kJ/mol   
8
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
61,400.00 kJ/mol   
9
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
67,700.00 kJ/mol   
9
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
74,000.00 kJ/mol   
9
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
80,400.00 kJ/mol   
10
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
87,000.00 kJ/mol   
9
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
93,400.00 kJ/mol   
7
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
98,420.00 kJ/mol   
6
24th Energy Level
Not Available   
104,400.00 kJ/mol   
2
25th Energy Level
Not Available   
121,900.00 kJ/mol   
1
26th Energy Level
Not Available   
127,700.00 kJ/mol   
1
27th Energy Level
Not Available   
133,800.00 kJ/mol   
1
28th Energy Level
Not Available   
139,800.00 kJ/mol   
1
29th Energy Level
Not Available   
148,100.00 kJ/mol   
1
30th Energy Level
Not Available   
154,500.00 kJ/mol   
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.87 g/amp-hr   
34
0.89 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
2.70 eV   
99+
4.60 eV   
12
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
62   
99+
42   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f6 6s2   
[Kr] 4d5 5s1   
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Samarium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
62   
99+
42   
99+
Number of Neutrons
88   
39
54   
99+
Number of Electrons
62   
99+
42   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm   
14
139.00 pm   
39
Covalent Radius
198.00 pm   
13
154.00 pm   
32
Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm   
20
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
150.36 amu   
99+
95.95 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
19.95 cm3/mol   
19
9.40 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Promethium
  
Niobium
  
Next Element
Europium
  
Technetium
  
Valence Electron Potential
44.80 (-eV)   
37
88.60 (-eV)   
13
Lattice Constant
362.10 pm   
33
314.70 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.52 g/cm3   
99+
10.28 g/cm3   
36
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.16 g/cm3   
32
9.33 g/cm3   
20
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
324.00 MPa   
13
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.94 (Pa)   
9
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
26
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
19.50 GPa   
34
126.00 GPa   
8
Bulk Modulus
37.80 GPa   
35
230.00 GPa   
6
Young's Modulus
49.70 GPa   
37
329.00 GPa   
6
Poisson Ratio
0.27   
19
0.31   
13
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Weldable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.52   
99+
10.22   
27
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Semiconductor   
Resistivity
0.94 nΩ·m   
99+
53.40 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.19 106/cm Ω   
11
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
71.90 kJ/mol   
14
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.20 J/(kg K)   
31
0.25 J/(kg K)   
21
Molar Heat Capacity
29.54 J/mol·K   
7
24.06 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
13.30 W/m·K   
99+
138.00 W/m·K   
12
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
12.70 µm/(m·K)   
30
4.80 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
166.40 kJ/mol   
99+
594.10 kJ/mol   
8
Enthalpy of Fusion
8.62 kJ/mol   
40
27.61 kJ/mol   
5
Enthalpy of Atomization
209.00 kJ/mol   
99+
653.00 kJ/mol   
7
Standard Molar Entropy
69.60 J/mol.K   
15
28.70 J/mol.K   
99+
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