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Samarium vs Tungsten

Samarium
Tungsten
Tungsten vs Samarium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sm  
W  
Group Number
Not Available  
6  
12
Period Number
6  
6  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Lanthanide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440199  
99+
7440337  
99+
Space Group Name
R_ 3m  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
166.00  
6
229.00  
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Samarium metals helps stimulating body metabolism.
  • Samarium metals was 1st observed by Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac in Dydimia in 1853.
  
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lecoq de Boisbaudran  
Not Available  
Discovery
In 1879  
In 1781  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %  
19
5 * 10-8 %  
27
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %  
26
~0.0000004 %  
23
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
37
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
29
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
18
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Magnets of Samarium cobalt alloy are stronger than that of Iron and hence, they are used in microwave application.
  • Samarium metal also used in optical lasers and infrared absorbing glasses and as a neutron absorber.
  
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
NA  
NA  
Other Uses
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Slightly Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
22
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
In Bone
Not Available  
0.00 p.p.m.  
35
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,072.00 °C  
99+
3,410.00 °C  
1
Boiling Point
1,900.00 °C  
99+
5,660.00 °C  
1
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Grayish White  
Luster
Lustrous  
Lustrous  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available  
7.50  
2
Brinell Hardness
441.00 MPa  
27
2,000.00 MPa  
4
Vickers Hardness
412.00 MPa  
24
3,430.00 MPa  
1
Speed of Sound
2,130.00 m/s  
99+
4,620.00 m/s  
16
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available  
62.00 %  
13
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Sm  
W  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
30  
9
33  
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.17  
40
2.36  
2
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available  
0.98  
23
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07  
32
1.40  
19
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available  
1.47  
29
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.83  
14
1.64  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
770.00 kJ/mol  
16
2nd Energy Level
1,070.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
3rd Energy Level
2,260.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Not Available  
4th Energy Level
3,990.00 kJ/mol  
37
Not Available  
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.87 g/amp-hr  
34
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
2.70 eV  
99+
4.55 eV  
13
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
62  
99+
74  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f6 6s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Samarium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
62  
99+
74  
99+
Number of Neutrons
88  
39
110  
27
Number of Electrons
62  
99+
74  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm  
14
139.00 pm  
39
Covalent Radius
198.00 pm  
13
162.00 pm  
29
Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm  
20
200.00 pm  
28
Atomic Weight
150.36 amu  
99+
183.84 amu  
37
Atomic Volume
19.95 cm3/mol  
19
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Promethium
  
Tantalum
  
Next Element
Europium
  
Rhenium
  
Valence Electron Potential
44.80 (-eV)  
37
140.00 (-eV)  
5
Lattice Constant
362.10 pm  
33
316.52 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.52 g/cm3  
99+
19.25 g/cm3  
16
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.16 g/cm3  
32
17.60 g/cm3  
5
Tensile Strength
Not Available  
370.00 MPa  
10
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.94 (Pa)  
9
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available  
0.00 (Pa)  
32
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
19.50 GPa  
34
161.00 GPa  
5
Bulk Modulus
37.80 GPa  
35
310.00 GPa  
4
Young's Modulus
49.70 GPa  
37
411.00 GPa  
4
Poisson Ratio
0.27  
19
0.28  
17
Other Mechanical Properties
NA  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.52  
99+
19.22  
9
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Superconductor  
Resistivity
0.94 nΩ·m  
99+
52.80 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
21
78.60 kJ/mol  
13
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.20 J/(kg K)  
31
0.13 J/(kg K)  
39
Molar Heat Capacity
29.54 J/mol·K  
7
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
13.30 W/m·K  
99+
173.00 W/m·K  
7
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
12.70 µm/(m·K)  
30
4.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
166.40 kJ/mol  
99+
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
Enthalpy of Fusion
8.62 kJ/mol  
40
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
Enthalpy of Atomization
209.00 kJ/mol  
99+
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
Standard Molar Entropy
69.60 J/mol.K  
15
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
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