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Strontium
Strontium

Europium
Europium



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Strontium
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Strontium vs Europium

1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Sr
Eu
1.2 Group Number
2NA
Gadolinium
0 17
1.3 Period Number
56
Lithium
2 7
1.4 Block
s block
f block
1.5 Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Lanthanide
1.6 CAS Number
74402467440531
Aluminium
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
Im_ 3m
1.8 Space Group Number
225.00229.00
Plutonium
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Strontium element is softer than Calcium.
  • Silvery Strontium turns yellow, if exposed to air.
Not Available
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
William Cruickshank
Eugène-Anatole Demarçay
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1787
In 1896
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
4 * 10-6 %5 * 10-8 %
Thallium
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.000005 %~0.00000005 %
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %0.00 %
Gold
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.04 %0.00 %
Radium
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %0.00 %
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
0.00 %NA
Radium
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Strontium metal is used to producing ferrite magnets as well as refining zinc.
  • By-product of nuclear reactors called Strontium-90 is a radioactive isotope; it is absorbed by tissues and destroys bone marrow and cancer growth.
  • Europium metals main uses is in the printing of euro banknotes. These notes glow red under UV light.
  • It is used in low energy light bulbs.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
Chemical Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.03 Blood/mg dm-3NA
Plutonium
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
140.00 p.p.m.NA
Plutonium
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
769.00 °C822.00 °C
Francium
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
1,384.00 °C1,597.00 °C
Flerovium
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
4.3.3 Luster
Metallic
Lustrous
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
1.50NA
Cesium
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
NANA
Cesium
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
NA167.00 MPa
Palladium
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
NANA
Thallium
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
NANA
Molybdenum
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Sr
Eu
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
2731
Tennessine
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
0.951.20
Francium
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
0.721.01
Cesium
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.99NA
Cesium
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.00NA
Cesium
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
0.96NA
Cesium
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
3.05NA
Gold
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
549.50 kJ/mol547.10 kJ/mol
Cesium
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,064.20 kJ/mol1,085.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
4,138.00 kJ/mol2,404.00 kJ/mol
Osmium
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
5,500.00 kJ/mol4,120.00 kJ/mol
Thorium
2780 37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
6,910.00 kJ/molNA
Dubnium
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
8,760.00 kJ/molNA
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
10,230.00 kJ/molNA
Bohrium
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
11,800.00 kJ/molNA
Hassium
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
15,600.00 kJ/molNA
Yttrium
14110 134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
17,100.00 kJ/molNA
Copper
17100 144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
31,270.00 kJ/molNA
Yttrium
19900 169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
22219 189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
26930 76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
29196 86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese
41987 97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron
47206 109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt
52737 122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel
58570 134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper
64702 148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
80400 171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
87000 179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
93400 184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
98420 198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
104400 195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
121900 121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
127700 127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
133800 133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
139800 139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
148100 148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
154500 154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.64 g/amp-hr1.89 g/amp-hr
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
2.59 eV2.50 eV
Cesium
2.14 5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
3863
Lithium
3 117
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Kr] 5s2
[Xe] 4f7 6s2
6.3 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
3863
Lithium
3 117
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
5089
Lithium
4 184
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
3863
Lithium
3 117
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
215.00 pm180.00 pm
Beryllium
112 265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
195.00 pm198.00 pm
Beryllium
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
249.00 pm233.00 pm
Zinc
139 348
6.6 Atomic Weight
87.62 amu151.96 amu
Lithium
6.94 294
6.7 Atomic Volume
33.70 cm3/mol28.90 cm3/mol
Manganese
1.39 71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
25.70 (-eV)45.60 (-eV)
Francium
8 392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
608.49 pm458.10 pm
Beryllium
228.58 891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
Beryllium
1.567 1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
2.64 g/cm35.26 g/cm3
Lithium
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.38 g/cm35.13 g/cm3
Lithium
0.512 20
7.2 Tensile Strength
NA120.00 MPa
Indium
2.5 11000
7.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
121.00 (Pa)19.40 (Pa)
Cerium
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NANA
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
6.03 GPa7.90 GPa
Potassium
1.3 222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
NA8.30 GPa
Cesium
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
15.70 GPa18.20 GPa
Cesium
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
0.280.15
Beryllium
0.032 0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
2.645.24
Lithium
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
NA
Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
132.00 nΩ·m0.90 nΩ·m
Thallium
0.18 961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω0.01 106/cm Ω
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
5.03 kJ/mol50.00 kJ/mol
Mercury
0 222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
0.30 J/(kg K)0.18 J/(kg K)
Americium
0.11 3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
26.40 J/mol·K27.66 J/mol·K
Beryllium
16.443 62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
35.40 W/m·K13.90 W/m·K
Neptunium
6.3 429
9.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium
26.3 3223
9.5 Thermal Expansion
22.50 µm/(m·K)35.00 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten
4.5 97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
150.00 kJ/mol143.50 kJ/mol
Zinc
7.32 799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
9.16 kJ/mol9.21 kJ/mol
Cesium
2.1 35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
163.20 kJ/mol180.00 kJ/mol
Mercury
61.5 837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
55.00 J/mol.K77.80 J/mol.K
Beryllium
9.5 198.1