Strontium

Livermorium

Strontium vs Livermorium

Strontium

Livermorium

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1 Periodic Table

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Group Number

216

0 17

1.3 Period Number

2 7

1.4 Block

s block

p block

1.5 Element Family

Alkaline Earth

Probably Post-Transition

1.6 CAS Number

744024654100719

7429905 54386242

1.7 Space Group Name

Fm_ 3m

Not Available

1.8 Space Group Number

225.00NA

11 229

2 Facts

2.1 Interesting Facts

Strontium element is softer than Calcium.
Silvery Strontium turns yellow, if exposed to air.

Not Available

2.2 Sources

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals

Synthetically Produced

2.3 History

2.3.1 Who Discovered

William Cruickshank

Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

2.3.2 Discovery

In 1787

In 2000

2.4 Abundance

2.4.1 Abundance In Universe

4 * 10^-6 %NA

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Abundance In Sun

~0.000005 %~-9999 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites

0.00 %NA

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust

0.04 %NA

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans

0.00 %NA

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Abundance In Humans

0.00 %NA

1E-13 1.4

3 Uses

3.1 Uses & Benefits

Strontium metal is used to producing ferrite magnets as well as refining zinc.
By-product of nuclear reactors called Strontium-90 is a radioactive isotope; it is absorbed by tissues and destroys bone marrow and cancer growth.

Currently known uses of Livermorium metal are limited to research purpose only.

3.1.1 Industrial Uses

Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry

3.1.2 Medical Uses

3.1.3 Other Uses

Alloys

Research Purposes

3.2 Biological Properties

3.2.1 Toxicity

Non Toxic

Unknown

3.2.2 Present in Human Body

✔ ✘

3.2.3 In Blood

0.03 Blood/mg dm-3NA

0 1970

3.2.4 In Bone

140.00 p.p.m.NA

0 170000

4 Physical

4.1 Melting Point

769.00 °CNA

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

1,384.00 °CNA

147 5660

4.3 Appearance

4.3.1 Physical State

Solid

4.3.2 Color

Silvery White

Unknown

4.3.3 Luster

Metallic

Unknown Luster

4.4 Hardness

4.4.1 Mohs Hardness

1.50NA

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell Hardness

NANA

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers Hardness

NANA

121 3430

4.5 Speed of Sound

NANA

818 16200

4.6 Optical Properties

4.6.1 Refractive Index

NANA

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 Reflectivity

NANA

58 97

4.7 Allotropes

✔ ✘

4.7.1 α Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.2 β Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.3 γ Allotropes

Not Available

5 Chemical

5.1 Chemical Formula

5.2 Isotopes

5.2.1 Known Isotopes

275

0 38

5.3 Electronegativity

5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity

0.95NA

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity

0.72NA

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity

0.99NA

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

1.00NA

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity

0.96NA

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

3.05NA

1.46 3.3

5.5 Ionization Energies

5.5.1 1st Energy Level

549.50 kJ/mol723.60 kJ/mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 2nd Energy Level

1,064.20 kJ/mol1,331.50 kJ/mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 3rd Energy Level

4,138.00 kJ/mol2,846.30 kJ/mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 4th Energy Level

5,500.00 kJ/mol3,811.20 kJ/mol

2780 37066

5.5.5 5th Energy Level

6,910.00 kJ/mol6,078.60 kJ/mol

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 6th Energy Level

8,760.00 kJ/molNA

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 7th Energy level

10,230.00 kJ/molNA

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 8th Energy Level

11,800.00 kJ/molNA

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 9th Energy Level

15,600.00 kJ/molNA

14110 134700

5.5.10 10th Energy Level

17,100.00 kJ/molNA

17100 144300

5.5.11 11th Energy Level

31,270.00 kJ/molNA

19900 169988

5.5.12 12th Energy Level

NANA

22219 189368

5.5.13 13th Energy Level

NANA

26930 76015

5.5.14 14th Energy Level

NANA

29196 86450

5.5.15 15th Energy Level

NANA

41987 97510

5.5.16 16th Energy Level

NANA

47206 109480

5.5.17 17th Energy Level

NANA

52737 122200

5.5.18 18th Energy Level

NANA

58570 134810

5.5.19 19th Energy Level

NANA

64702 148700

5.5.20 20th Energy Level

NANA

80400 171200

5.5.21 21st Energy Level

NANA

87000 179100

5.5.22 22nd Energy Level

NANA

93400 184900

5.5.23 23rd Energy Level

NANA

98420 198800

5.5.24 24th Energy Level

NANA

104400 195200

5.5.25 25th Energy Level

NANA

121900 121900

5.5.26 26th Energy Level

NANA

127700 127700

5.5.27 27th Energy Level

NANA

133800 133800

5.5.28 28th Energy Level

NANA

139800 139800

5.5.29 29th Energy Level

NANA

148100 148100

5.5.30 30th Energy Level

NANA

154500 154500

5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent

1.64 g/amp-hrNA

0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Electron Work Function

2.59 eVNA

2.14 5.65

5.8 Other Chemical Properties

Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility

Chemical Stability, Ionization

6 Atomic

6.1 Atomic Number

38116

3 117

1.3 Electron Configuration

[Kr] 5s²

[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p⁴

1.4 Crystal Structure

Face Centered Cubic (FCC)

Not Known

1.4.1 Crystal Lattice

1.5 Atom

1.5.1 Number of Protons

38116

3 117

1.5.2 Number of Neutrons

50160

4 184

1.6.1 Number of Electrons

38116

3 117

1.10 Radius of an Atom

1.10.1 Atomic Radius

215.00 pmNA

112 265

1.10.2 Covalent Radius

195.00 pmNA

96 260

1.12.1 Van der Waals Radius

249.00 pmNA

139 348

2.5 Atomic Weight

87.62 amu293.00 amu

6.94 294

2.6 Atomic Volume

33.70 cm3/molNA

1.39 71.07

2.7 Adjacent Atomic Numbers

2.7.1 Previous Element

2.7.2 Next Element

2.8 Valence Electron Potential

25.70 (-eV)NA

8 392.42

2.9 Lattice Constant

608.49 pmNA

228.58 891.25

2.10 Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

2.11 Lattice C/A Ratio

NANA

1.567 1.886

3 Mechanical

3.1 Density

3.1.1 Density At Room Temperature

2.64 g/cm³NA

0.534 40.7

4.2.4 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

2.38 g/cm3NA

0.512 20

4.3 Tensile Strength

NANA

2.5 11000

5.2 Viscosity

NANA

0.001526 0.001526

5.4 Vapor Pressure

5.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

121.00 (Pa)NA

2.47E-11 121

5.6.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

NANA

2.62E-10 774

5.7 Elasticity properties

5.7.1 Shear Modulus

6.03 GPaNA

1.3 222

5.7.3 Bulk Modulus

NANA

1.6 462

5.8.1 Young's Modulus

15.70 GPaNA

1.7 528

5.10 Poisson Ratio

0.28NA

0.032 0.47

6.4 Other Mechanical Properties

Unknown

7 Magnetic

7.1 Magnetic Characteristics

7.1.1 Specific Gravity

2.64NA

0.53 4500

7.1.3 Magnetic Ordering

Paramagnetic

7.1.4 Permeability

NANA

1.25643E-06 0.0063

7.1.5 Susceptibility

NANA

-0.000166 200000

7.2 Electrical Properties

7.2.1 Electrical Property

Unknown

7.2.2 Resistivity

132.00 nΩ·mNA

0.18 961

7.2.4 Electrical Conductivity

0.08 10⁶/cm ΩNA

0.00666 0.63

7.4.3 Electron Affinity

5.03 kJ/molNA

0 222.8

8 Thermal

8.1 Specific Heat

0.30 J/(kg K)NA

0.11 3.6

8.2 Molar Heat Capacity

26.40 J/mol·KNA

16.443 62.7

8.3 Thermal Conductivity

35.40 W/m·KNA

6.3 429

8.4 Critical Temperature

NANA

26.3 3223

8.5 Thermal Expansion

22.50 µm/(m·K)NA

4.5 97

8.6 Enthalpy

8.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization

150.00 kJ/molNA

7.32 799.1

8.6.4 Enthalpy of Fusion

9.16 kJ/molNA

2.1 35.23

8.6.7 Enthalpy of Atomization

163.20 kJ/molNA

61.5 837

8.7 Standard Molar Entropy

55.00 J/mol.KNA

9.5 198.1

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