1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
74402687440202
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Original name of Technetium was Masurium.
- At the time of its discovery it found in sample of Molybdenum.
- Scandium is known as one of the rare earth elements.
- Scandium metal found in rare minerals called Wolframite .
2.2 Sources
Made by Bombarding Molybdenum with Deuterons
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Emilio Segrè and Carlo Perriero
Lars Fredrik Nilson
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2.4.6 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.000004 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.11 Abundance In Meteorites
3.4.5 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.4.8 Abundance In Oceans
3.4.9 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- Technetium is a radioactive metal and hence it is used for medical studies and other research purposes.
- Uses of Scandium are limited to research purpose only. However, it has very low density and higher melting point.
-
Its compounds like scandium iodide is used in mercury vapor lamps to produce very bright white light.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
4.1.2 Medical Uses
4.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Alloys
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.01 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
4.3.3 In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
2,200.00 °C1,539.00 °C
27
3410
5.2 Boiling Point
4,877.00 °C2,832.00 °C
147
5660
5.5 Appearance
5.5.1 Physical State
5.5.2 Color
5.5.3 Luster
5.6 Hardness
5.6.1 Mohs Hardness
6.1.1 Brinell Hardness
6.4.1 Vickers Hardness
6.7 Speed of Sound
16,200.00 m/sNA
818
16200
6.9 Optical Properties
6.9.1 Refractive Index
6.11.1 Reflectivity
7.2 Allotropes
7.2.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.2.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.2.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
8.4 Electronegativity
8.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
8.4.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
8.7.1 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
8.9.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
8.11.1 Allen Electronegativity
8.14 Electropositivity
8.14.1 Pauling Electropositivity
8.17 Ionization Energies
8.17.1 1st Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol633.10 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
9.1.3 2nd Energy Level
1,470.00 kJ/mol1,235.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
9.1.4 3rd Energy Level
2,850.00 kJ/mol2,388.60 kJ/mol
1600
34230
9.1.7 4th Energy Level
NA7,090.60 kJ/mol
2780
37066
9.3.1 5th Energy Level
NA8,843.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
9.4.1 6th Energy Level
NA10,679.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
10.2.2 7th Energy level
NA13,310.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
10.2.6 8th Energy Level
NA15,250.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
10.3.2 9th Energy Level
NA17,370.00 kJ/mol
14110
134700
10.4.3 10th Energy Level
NA21,726.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
10.4.5 11th Energy Level
NA24,102.00 kJ/mol
19900
169988
10.4.7 12th Energy Level
NA66,320.00 kJ/mol
22219
189368
10.4.10 13th Energy Level
NA73,010.00 kJ/mol
26930
76015
11.1.1 14th Energy Level
NA80,160.00 kJ/mol
29196
86450
11.2.1 15th Energy Level
NA89,490.00 kJ/mol
41987
97510
12.1.2 16th Energy Level
NA97,400.00 kJ/mol
47206
109480
12.2.3 17th Energy Level
NA105,600.00 kJ/mol
52737
122200
12.2.4 18th Energy Level
NA117,000.00 kJ/mol
58570
134810
12.3.1 19th Energy Level
NA124,270.00 kJ/mol
64702
148700
12.5.1 20th Energy Level
12.5.2 21st Energy Level
12.6.2 22nd Energy Level
12.6.3 23rd Energy Level
12.6.6 24th Energy Level
12.6.7 25th Energy Level
13.1.2 26th Energy Level
13.2.1 27th Energy Level
13.3.1 28th Energy Level
13.4.1 29th Energy Level
13.4.2 30th Energy Level
13.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.52 g/amp-hr0.56 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
13.8 Electron Work Function
13.10 Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
14 Atomic
14.1 Atomic Number
14.2 Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d5 5s2
[Ar] 3d1 4s2
14.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
14.3.1 Crystal Lattice
14.4 Atom
14.4.1 Number of Protons
14.4.3 Number of Neutrons
14.5.1 Number of Electrons
14.6 Radius of an Atom
14.6.1 Atomic Radius
136.00 pm162.00 pm
112
265
14.6.2 Covalent Radius
147.00 pm170.00 pm
96
260
14.6.3 Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm211.00 pm
139
348
14.7 Atomic Weight
98.00 amu44.96 amu
6.94
294
14.8 Atomic Volume
8.50 cm3/mol15.00 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
14.9 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
14.9.1 Previous Element
14.9.2 Next Element
14.10 Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)58.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
14.11 Lattice Constant
273.50 pm330.90 pm
228.58
891.25
14.12 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
14.13 Lattice C/A Ratio
15 Mechanical
15.1 Density
15.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
11.00 g/cm32.99 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
15.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.2 Tensile Strength
15.3 Viscosity
15.4 Vapor Pressure
15.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
15.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NA91.30 (Pa)
2.62E-10
774
15.5 Elasticity properties
15.5.1 Shear Modulus
15.5.2 Bulk Modulus
15.5.3 Young's Modulus
15.6 Poisson Ratio
15.7 Other Mechanical Properties
16 Magnetic
16.1 Magnetic Characteristics
16.1.1 Specific Gravity
16.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
16.1.3 Permeability
16.1.4 Susceptibility
16.2 Electrical Properties
16.2.1 Electrical Property
16.2.2 Resistivity
200.00 nΩ·m562.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
16.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.07 106/cm Ω0.02 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
16.2.4 Electron Affinity
53.00 kJ/mol18.10 kJ/mol
0
222.8
17 Thermal
17.1 Specific Heat
0.21 J/(kg K)0.60 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
17.2 Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K25.52 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
17.3 Thermal Conductivity
50.60 W/m·K15.80 W/m·K
6.3
429
17.4 Critical Temperature
17.5 Thermal Expansion
7.10 µm/(m·K)10.20 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
17.6 Enthalpy
17.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
660.00 kJ/mol314.20 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
17.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
23.01 kJ/mol14.10 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
17.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
649.00 kJ/mol343.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
17.7 Standard Molar Entropy
181.10 J/mol.K34.60 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1