Thulium Curium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Tm
Cm
Group Number
Not Available
Not Available
Period Number
6
7
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Actinide
CAS Number
7440304
99+
7440519
36
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Not Available
Space Group Number
194.00
5
Not Available
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Thulium metal can resist corrosion due to dry air .
- Only Tm-169 isotope of Thulium metal occur naturally.
- Curium metal does not occur free in nature.
- Curium metal is a synthetically produced metal.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Bombarding Plutonium with Helium Ions
History
Who Discovered
Per Teodor Cleve
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Albert Ghiorso
Discovery
In 1879
In 1944
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-8 %
30
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000002 %
28
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Thulium metal produces isotopes that emits X-rays. This isotope is used in X-ray machine.
- Thulium element is also used in Surgical equipment like laser.
- Curium metal is used to provide power to electrical equipment for space missions.
Industrial Uses
NA
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
Not Available
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
Not Available
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,545.00 °C
23
1,340.00 °C
34
Boiling Point
1,730.00 °C
99+
3,110.00 °C
30
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
Silver
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Brinell Hardness
471.00 MPa
25
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
520.00 MPa
21
Not Available
Speed of Sound
Not Available
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Tm
Cm
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
32
7
15
24
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.25
35
1.30
32
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11
29
1.20
27
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.75
19
2.70
22
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
596.70 kJ/mol
99+
581.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,160.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,196.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,285.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,026.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
4,120.00 kJ/mol
33
3,550.00 kJ/mol
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.10 g/amp-hr
26
3.07 g/amp-hr
16
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
69
99+
96
22
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f13 6s2
[Rn] 5f7 6d1 7s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Thulium.jpg#100
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Curium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
69
99+
96
22
Number of Neutrons
100
32
151
10
Number of Electrons
69
99+
96
22
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
176.00 pm
18
174.00 pm
20
Covalent Radius
160.00 pm
30
169.00 pm
26
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
168.93 amu
99+
247.00 amu
18
Atomic Volume
18.10 cm3/mol
28
18.28 cm3/mol
26
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
49.70 (-eV)
28
44.50 (-eV)
38
Lattice Constant
353.75 pm
40
Not Available
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
NA
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57
17
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
9.32 g/cm3
40
13.51 g/cm3
25
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.56 g/cm3
24
13.85 g/cm3
10
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.06 (Pa)
10
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
30.50 GPa
22
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
44.50 GPa
26
Not Available
Young's Modulus
74.00 GPa
27
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.21
31
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Unknown
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
9.32
31
13.51
17
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Antiferromagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Unknown
Resistivity
676.00 nΩ·m
5
1.25 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Not Available
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.16 J/(kg K)
35
Not Available
Molar Heat Capacity
27.03 J/mol·K
22
Not Available
Thermal Conductivity
16.90 W/m·K
99+
Not Available
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
13.30 µm/(m·K)
29
Not Available
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
191.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
16.80 kJ/mol
17
15.00 kJ/mol
21
Enthalpy of Atomization
247.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Standard Molar Entropy
74.00 J/mol.K
9
Not Available
|
||
|
||
|
