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Tungsten vs Dubnium

Tungsten
Dubnium
Dubnium vs Tungsten


Periodic Table
Symbol
W  
Db  
Group Number
6  
12
5  
13
Period Number
6  
7  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440337  
99+
53850354  
14
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
-  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
  • IUPAC allotted a temporary name to Dubnium metal as “ Unnilpentium”.
  • In the production of Dubnium, thermal gradient chromatography is used.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Produced by Bombarding Am243 with Ne22, Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research  
Discovery
In 1781  
In 1968  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
28
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
23
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
39
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
39
-  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
18
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
  • Currently known uses of Dubnium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
40
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
3,410.00 °C  
1
-  
Boiling Point
5,660.00 °C  
1
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Grayish White  
-  
Luster
Lustrous  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.50  
2
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
2,000.00 MPa  
4
330.00 MPa  
38
Vickers Hardness
3,430.00 MPa  
3
400.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
4,620.00 m/s  
20
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.10  
11
1.20  
99+
Reflectivity
62.00 %  
21
55.00 %  
27
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
W  
Db  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
10  
28
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.36  
3
2.20  
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.98  
99+
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.40  
20
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.36  
3
1.10  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.47  
33
1.30  
40
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.64  
99+
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
16
664.80 kJ/mol  
38
2nd Energy Level
1,700.00 kJ/mol  
30
1,546.70 kJ/mol  
39
3rd Energy Level
2,045.40 kJ/mol  
99+
2,378.40 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
8
3,298.80 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
4,305.20 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
12,900.00 kJ/mol  
5
7th Energy level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
25
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
8,830.00 kJ/mol  
22
11th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
88,300.00 kJ/mol  
2
13th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
4,760.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
18
33,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
13
33,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
34
1,129.00 kJ/mol  
19
18th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
31
1,094.90 kJ/mol  
18
20th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
25
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
883.00 kJ/mol  
36
22nd Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
330.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,150.00 kJ/mol  
33
24th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
15
528.30 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
579.80 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
13
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
1,150.00 kJ/mol  
3
29th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
1,094.00 kJ/mol  
5
30th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV  
18
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
74  
99+
105  
13
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d3 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
74  
99+
105  
13
Number of Neutrons
110  
28
157  
8
Number of Electrons
74  
99+
105  
13
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
139.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
162.00 pm  
31
149.00 pm  
37
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
0.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
183.84 amu  
37
268.00 amu  
10
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
22.80 cm3/mol  
17
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tantalum
  
Rutherfordium
  
Next Element
Rhenium
  
Seaborgium
  
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)  
5
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
316.52 pm  
99+
-  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.29  
99+
1.63  
14
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.25 g/cm3  
16
29.30 g/cm3  
5
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.60 g/cm3  
15
29.30 g/cm3  
6
Tensile Strength
370.00 MPa  
11
0.10 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
1
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
161.00 GPa  
5
34.00 GPa  
22
Bulk Modulus
310.00 GPa  
4
39.00 GPa  
39
Young's Modulus
411.00 GPa  
4
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.28  
17
0.39  
5
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.22  
18
39.00  
3
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
23
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor  
-  
Resistivity
52.80 nΩ·m  
99+
6.80 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
78.60 kJ/mol  
15
-  
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
29.30 J/mol·K  
11
Thermal Conductivity
173.00 W/m·K  
7
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
3,695.00 K  
1
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
4.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
13.20 µm/(m·K)  
37
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
289.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
55.00 J/mol.K  
34
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