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Tungsten vs Iridium

Tungsten
Iridium
Iridium vs Tungsten


Periodic Table
Symbol
W  
Ir  
Group Number
6  
12
9  
9
Period Number
6  
6  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440337  
99+
7439885  
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
  • Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
  • Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Smithson Tennant  
Discovery
In 1781  
In 1803  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
28
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
25
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
39
0.00 %  
29
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
39
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
18
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
  • Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
40
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
3,410.00 °C  
1
2,410.00 °C  
7
Boiling Point
5,660.00 °C  
1
4,527.00 °C  
10
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Grayish White  
Silvery White  
Luster
Lustrous  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.50  
2
6.50  
5
Brinell Hardness
2,000.00 MPa  
4
1,670.00 MPa  
5
Vickers Hardness
3,430.00 MPa  
3
1,760.00 MPa  
8
Speed of Sound
4,620.00 m/s  
20
4,825.00 m/s  
17
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.10  
11
2.40  
7
Reflectivity
62.00 %  
21
78.00 %  
8
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
W  
Ir  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
34  
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.36  
3
2.20  
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.98  
99+
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.40  
20
1.55  
12
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.36  
3
2.20  
6
Allen Electronegativity
1.47  
33
1.68  
20
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.64  
99+
1.80  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
16
880.00 kJ/mol  
9
2nd Energy Level
1,700.00 kJ/mol  
30
1,600.00 kJ/mol  
36
3rd Energy Level
2,045.40 kJ/mol  
99+
2,256.10 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
8
880.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
8
6th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
25
7th Energy level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
8th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
9th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
25
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
10th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
23
11th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
20
12th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
40
13th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
15
14th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
14
15th Energy Level
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
18
88,000.00 kJ/mol  
8
16th Energy Level
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
13
88,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
17th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
34
880.00 kJ/mol  
26
18th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
15
19th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
31
880.00 kJ/mol  
24
20th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
25
880.00 kJ/mol  
14
21st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
880.00 kJ/mol  
37
22nd Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
880.00 kJ/mol  
12
23rd Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
7
24th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
15
880.00 kJ/mol  
8
25th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
880.00 kJ/mol  
6
26th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
880.00 kJ/mol  
6
27th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
13
880.00 kJ/mol  
5
28th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
880.00 kJ/mol  
8
29th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
880.00 kJ/mol  
9
30th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
880.00 kJ/mol  
6
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV  
18
4.55 eV  
18
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
74  
99+
77  
39
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Iridium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
74  
99+
74  
99+
Number of Neutrons
110  
28
110  
28
Number of Electrons
74  
99+
74  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
136.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
162.00 pm  
31
141.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
202.00 pm  
34
Atomic Weight
183.84 amu  
37
192.22 amu  
34
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tantalum
  
Osmium
  
Next Element
Rhenium
  
Platinum
  
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)  
5
140.00 (-eV)  
5
Lattice Constant
316.52 pm  
99+
383.90 pm  
29
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.29  
99+
1.58  
35
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.25 g/cm3  
16
22.56 g/cm3  
10
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.60 g/cm3  
15
19.00 g/cm3  
13
Tensile Strength
370.00 MPa  
11
2,000.00 MPa  
2
Viscosity
0.00  
1
0.00  
21
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.00 (Pa)  
26
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
161.00 GPa  
5
210.00 GPa  
2
Bulk Modulus
310.00 GPa  
4
320.00 GPa  
3
Young's Modulus
411.00 GPa  
4
528.00 GPa  
1
Poisson Ratio
0.28  
17
0.26  
22
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.22  
18
21.78  
12
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
16
Susceptibility
0.00  
23
0.00  
5
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
52.80 nΩ·m  
99+
47.10 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
Electron Affinity
78.60 kJ/mol  
15
151.00 kJ/mol  
4
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
25.10 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
173.00 W/m·K  
7
147.00 W/m·K  
10
Critical Temperature
3,695.00 K  
1
2,719.00 K  
8
Thermal Expansion
4.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
6.40 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
35.50 J/mol.K  
99+
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