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Tungsten vs Rutherfordium

Tungsten
Rutherfordium
Rutherfordium vs Tungsten


Periodic Table
Symbol
W   
Rf   
Group Number
6   
12
4   
14
Period Number
6   
7   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440337   
99+
53850365   
13
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
Not Available   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
Not Available   
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
  • Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
  • Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Not Available   
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research   
Discovery
In 1781   
In 1964   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-8 %   
27
Not Available   
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000004 %   
23
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
39
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
39
Not Available   
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
18
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
  • Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
NA   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Research Purposes   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Unknown   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
31
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
35
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
3,410.00 °C   
1
2,100.00 °C   
11
Boiling Point
5,660.00 °C   
1
5,500.00 °C   
3
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Grayish White   
Unknown   
Luster
Lustrous   
Unknown Luster   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.50   
2
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
2,000.00 MPa   
4
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
3,430.00 MPa   
1
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
4,620.00 m/s   
16
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
62.00 %   
13
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
W   
Rf   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
13   
26
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.36   
2
Not Available   
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.98   
23
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.40   
19
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.47   
29
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.64   
99+
Not Available   
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol   
16
579.90 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,700.00 kJ/mol   
29
1,389.40 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
2,296.40 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
3,077.90 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr   
99+
Not Available   
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV   
13
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
74   
99+
104   
14
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2   
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
74   
99+
104   
14
Number of Neutrons
110   
27
157   
7
Number of Electrons
74   
99+
104   
14
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm   
39
150.00 pm   
33
Covalent Radius
162.00 pm   
29
157.00 pm   
31
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
Not Available   
Atomic Weight
183.84 amu   
37
267.00 amu   
11
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tantalum
  
Lawrencium
  
Next Element
Rhenium
  
Dubnium
  
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)   
5
Not Available   
Lattice Constant
316.52 pm   
99+
Not Available   
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.25 g/cm3   
16
23.20 g/cm3   
8
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.60 g/cm3   
5
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
370.00 MPa   
10
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
32
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
161.00 GPa   
5
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
310.00 GPa   
4
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
411.00 GPa   
4
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.28   
17
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Unknown   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.22   
9
Not Available   
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Unknown   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor   
Unknown   
Resistivity
52.80 nΩ·m   
99+
Not Available   
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω   
10
Not Available   
Electron Affinity
78.60 kJ/mol   
13
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K   
99+
Not Available   
Thermal Conductivity
173.00 W/m·K   
7
Not Available   
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
4.50 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol   
1
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol   
1
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol   
1
Not Available   
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K   
99+
Not Available   
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