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Uranium vs Chromium

Uranium
Chromium
Chromium vs Uranium


Periodic Table
Symbol
U  
Cr  
Group Number
0  
18
6  
12
Period Number
7  
4  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440611  
28
7440473  
39
Space Group Name
Cmcm  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
63.00  
13
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
  
  • Chromium is highly reactive, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Ores of Chromites mineral are the major source of Chromium metal.
  • Almost 90% leather tanning is done with the help of chromium.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin  
Discovery
In 1789  
In Between 1797 - 1798  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
8
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
7
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.30 %  
7
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
36
0.01 %  
13
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
11
0.00 %  
16
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
19
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
  • Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
  
  • It is used to harden the steel and produces a stainless steel and other various alloys.
  • It is also used to give proper finish to polished mirrors. Its chromium plates are used in bathroom fittings.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry  
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.11 Blood/mg dm-3  
12
In Bone
1.20 p.p.m.  
19
0.33 p.p.m.  
25
Physical
Melting Point
1,132.00 °C  
39
1,857.00 °C  
14
Boiling Point
3,818.00 °C  
16
2,672.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
Silver  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
8.50  
1
Brinell Hardness
2,350.00 MPa  
2
687.00 MPa  
18
Vickers Hardness
1,960.00 MPa  
6
1,060.00 MPa  
17
Speed of Sound
3,155.00 m/s  
36
5,940.00 m/s  
8
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.38  
40
2.97  
2
Reflectivity
80.00 %  
7
70.00 %  
13
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
U  
Cr  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
25  
14
21  
18
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.38  
29
1.66  
19
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.38  
22
1.66  
17
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22  
27
1.56  
11
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.38  
29
1.66  
19
Allen Electronegativity
1.38  
36
1.65  
22
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.62  
26
2.34  
36
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
26,130.00 kJ/mol  
1
2nd Energy Level
1,420.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28,750.00 kJ/mol  
1
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
34,230.00 kJ/mol  
1
4th Energy Level
3,145.00 kJ/mol  
99+
37,066.00 kJ/mol  
1
5th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
97,510.00 kJ/mol  
1
6th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
105,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
7th Energy level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
114,300.00 kJ/mol  
1
8th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
125,300.00 kJ/mol  
1
9th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
134,700.00 kJ/mol  
1
10th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
144,300.00 kJ/mol  
1
11th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26,130.00 kJ/mol  
12
12th Energy Level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28,750.00 kJ/mol  
36
13th Energy Level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
34,230.00 kJ/mol  
10
14th Energy Level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
34
37,066.00 kJ/mol  
12
15th Energy Level
59,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
97,510.00 kJ/mol  
2
16th Energy Level
59,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
105,800.00 kJ/mol  
2
17th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
114,300.00 kJ/mol  
3
18th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
125,300.00 kJ/mol  
4
19th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
134,700.00 kJ/mol  
5
20th Energy Level
597.00 kJ/mol  
99+
144,300.00 kJ/mol  
7
21st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
157,700.00 kJ/mol  
7
22nd Energy Level
597.00 kJ/mol  
99+
166,090.00 kJ/mol  
6
23rd Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
653.80 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
653.80 kJ/mol  
32
25th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
653.80 kJ/mol  
34
26th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
653.80 kJ/mol  
33
27th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
652.90 kJ/mol  
34
28th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
653.80 kJ/mol  
39
29th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
653.80 kJ/mol  
40
30th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
653.80 kJ/mol  
36
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.48 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.32 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
3.63 eV  
99+
4.50 eV  
19
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
92  
26
24  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2  
[Ar] 3d5 4s1  
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
92  
26
24  
99+
Number of Neutrons
146  
14
28  
99+
Number of Electrons
92  
26
24  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm  
31
128.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm  
14
139.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
186.00 pm  
40
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
238.03 amu  
21
52.00 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
12.59 cm3/mol  
99+
7.23 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Protactinium
  
Vanadium
  
Next Element
Neptunium
  
Manganese
  
Valence Electron Potential
170.00 (-eV)  
4
170.00 (-eV)  
4
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm  
99+
291.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.02  
99+
1.86  
4
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.10 g/cm3  
17
7.19 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.30 g/cm3  
17
6.30 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
100.00 MPa  
28
689.00 MPa  
7
Viscosity
0.00  
21
0.00  
23
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
26
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.01 (Pa)  
20
774.00 (Pa)  
1
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
111.00 GPa  
10
115.00 GPa  
9
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa  
16
160.00 GPa  
11
Young's Modulus
208.00 GPa  
11
279.00 GPa  
8
Poisson Ratio
0.23  
30
0.21  
33
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
18.80  
19
7.19  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Antiferromagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
10
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
0.28 nΩ·m  
99+
125.00 nΩ·m  
27
Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.08 106/cm Ω  
30
Electron Affinity
50.60 kJ/mol  
25
64.30 kJ/mol  
17
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.45 J/(kg K)  
12
Molar Heat Capacity
27.67 J/mol·K  
18
23.35 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
27.50 W/m·K  
99+
93.90 W/m·K  
17
Critical Temperature
1,405.00 K  
99+
1,907.00 K  
24
Thermal Expansion
13.90 µm/(m·K)  
30
4.90 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
477.00 kJ/mol  
18
348.80 kJ/mol  
35
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
15.31 kJ/mol  
20
Enthalpy of Atomization
489.50 kJ/mol  
18
397.50 kJ/mol  
27
Standard Molar Entropy
50.20 J/mol.K  
99+
23.80 J/mol.K  
99+
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