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Uranium vs Fermium

Uranium
Fermium
Fermium vs Uranium


Periodic Table
Symbol
U  
Fm  
Group Number
0  
18
3  
15
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
f block  
f block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7440611  
28
7440724  
19
Space Group Name
Cmcm  
-  
Space Group Number
63.00  
13
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
  
  • Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
  • Fermium is synthetically produced metal.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Discovery
In 1789  
In 1952  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
35
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
30
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
36
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
11
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
  • Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
  
  • Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
1.20 p.p.m.  
19
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,132.00 °C  
39
1,527.00 °C  
26
Boiling Point
3,818.00 °C  
16
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
2,350.00 MPa  
2
500.00 MPa  
28
Vickers Hardness
1,960.00 MPa  
6
600.00 MPa  
28
Speed of Sound
3,155.00 m/s  
36
2,500.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.38  
40
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
80.00 %  
7
59.00 %  
24
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
U  
Fm  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
25  
14
18  
21
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.38  
29
1.30  
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.38  
22
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22  
27
1.20  
28
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.38  
29
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
1.38  
36
1.30  
40
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.62  
26
2.70  
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,420.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,225.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,363.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,145.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,792.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
39
6th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,040.00 kJ/mol  
33
10th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
10
13th Energy Level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
38
14th Energy Level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
34
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
27
15th Energy Level
59,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
38
16th Energy Level
59,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
17th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
40
19th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
994.80 kJ/mol  
21
20th Energy Level
597.00 kJ/mol  
99+
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
597.00 kJ/mol  
99+
345.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
14
24th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
38
25th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
627.00 kJ/mol  
40
26th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
39
27th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.48 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.20 g/amp-hr  
15
Electron Work Function
3.63 eV  
99+
4.47 eV  
21
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
92  
26
100  
18
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2  
[Rn] 5f12 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)  
Not Known  
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100  
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Fermium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
92  
26
100  
18
Number of Neutrons
146  
14
157  
8
Number of Electrons
92  
26
100  
18
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm  
31
180.00 pm  
16
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm  
14
180.00 pm  
23
Van der Waals Radius
186.00 pm  
40
245.00 pm  
13
Atomic Weight
238.03 amu  
21
257.00 amu  
15
Atomic Volume
12.59 cm3/mol  
99+
18.00 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Protactinium
  
Einsteinium
  
Next Element
Neptunium
  
Mendelevium
  
Valence Electron Potential
170.00 (-eV)  
4
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm  
99+
350.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.02  
99+
1.63  
13
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.10 g/cm3  
17
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.30 g/cm3  
17
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
100.00 MPa  
28
0.10 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
21
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.01 (Pa)  
20
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
111.00 GPa  
10
30.00 GPa  
27
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa  
16
50.00 GPa  
24
Young's Modulus
208.00 GPa  
11
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.23  
30
0.35  
9
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
18.80  
19
9.70  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
16
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
0.28 nΩ·m  
99+
7.90 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
50.60 kJ/mol  
25
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
27.67 J/mol·K  
18
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
Thermal Conductivity
27.50 W/m·K  
99+
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,405.00 K  
99+
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
13.90 µm/(m·K)  
30
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
477.00 kJ/mol  
18
319.20 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
13.30 kJ/mol  
30
Enthalpy of Atomization
489.50 kJ/mol  
18
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
50.20 J/mol.K  
99+
50.00 J/mol.K  
99+
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