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Uranium vs Palladium

Uranium
Palladium
Palladium vs Uranium


Periodic Table
Symbol
U  
Pd  
Group Number
0  
18
10  
8
Period Number
7  
5  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440611  
28
7440053  
99+
Space Group Name
Cmcm  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
63.00  
13
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
  
  • Palladium alloys are used for Jewelry contains (95% Palladium and 5% Ruthenium)
  • In the late 1800s, Palladium metal used have more economical value than the Platinum metal.
  • Palladium element is known as a good catalyst
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
William Hyde Wollaston  
Discovery
In 1789  
In 1803  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
36
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
11
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
  • Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
  
  • Mostly palladium metal is used in catalytic converters. In electronic industry it is used in ceramic capacitors of mobile and computer.
  • It is used in jewellery and dental fillings and crowns.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues  
Coinage, Bullion, Jewellery  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
1.20 p.p.m.  
19
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,132.00 °C  
39
1,554.90 °C  
22
Boiling Point
3,818.00 °C  
16
2,963.00 °C  
34
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
Silver  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
4.75  
9
Brinell Hardness
2,350.00 MPa  
2
320.00 MPa  
40
Vickers Hardness
1,960.00 MPa  
6
121.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
3,155.00 m/s  
36
3,070.00 m/s  
38
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.38  
40
1.72  
25
Reflectivity
80.00 %  
7
84.00 %  
5
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
U  
Pd  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
25  
14
38  
1
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.38  
29
2.20  
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.38  
22
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22  
27
1.35  
22
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.38  
29
2.20  
6
Allen Electronegativity
1.38  
36
1.59  
25
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.62  
26
1.80  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
520.23 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,420.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,298.22 kJ/mol  
2
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11,815.13 kJ/mol  
3
4th Energy Level
3,145.00 kJ/mol  
99+
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,044.00 kJ/mol  
13
6th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,044.00 kJ/mol  
33
7th Energy level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
27
8th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
27
9th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
24
10th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
28
11th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
27
12th Energy Level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,310.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
34
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
59,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
80,400.00 kJ/mol  
16
16th Energy Level
59,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
33
18th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,045.00 kJ/mol  
22
19th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
30
20th Energy Level
597.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.00 kJ/mol  
23
21st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
597.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.00 kJ/mol  
18
23rd Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
14
25th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
12
26th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
12
27th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
11
28th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
17
29th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
16
30th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
804.00 kJ/mol  
12
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.48 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.99 g/amp-hr  
34
Electron Work Function
3.63 eV  
99+
5.12 eV  
7
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
92  
26
46  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2  
[Kr] 4d10  
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Palladium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
92  
26
46  
99+
Number of Neutrons
146  
14
60  
99+
Number of Electrons
92  
26
46  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm  
31
137.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm  
14
139.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
186.00 pm  
40
163.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
238.03 amu  
21
106.42 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
12.59 cm3/mol  
99+
8.90 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Protactinium
  
Rhodium
  
Next Element
Neptunium
  
Silver
  
Valence Electron Potential
170.00 (-eV)  
4
33.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm  
99+
389.07 pm  
28
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.02  
99+
1.56  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.10 g/cm3  
17
12.02 g/cm3  
31
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.30 g/cm3  
17
10.38 g/cm3  
38
Tensile Strength
100.00 MPa  
28
550.00 MPa  
8
Viscosity
0.00  
21
0.00  
14
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
29
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.01 (Pa)  
20
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
111.00 GPa  
10
44.00 GPa  
17
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa  
16
180.00 GPa  
9
Young's Modulus
208.00 GPa  
11
121.00 GPa  
18
Poisson Ratio
0.23  
30
0.39  
5
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
18.80  
19
12.02  
33
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
18
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
27
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
0.28 nΩ·m  
99+
105.40 nΩ·m  
29
Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.10 106/cm Ω  
27
Electron Affinity
50.60 kJ/mol  
25
54.23 kJ/mol  
21
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.24 J/(kg K)  
23
Molar Heat Capacity
27.67 J/mol·K  
18
25.98 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
27.50 W/m·K  
99+
71.80 W/m·K  
23
Critical Temperature
1,405.00 K  
99+
1,825.00 K  
26
Thermal Expansion
13.90 µm/(m·K)  
30
11.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
477.00 kJ/mol  
18
376.60 kJ/mol  
28
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
16.74 kJ/mol  
18
Enthalpy of Atomization
489.50 kJ/mol  
18
393.30 kJ/mol  
29
Standard Molar Entropy
50.20 J/mol.K  
99+
37.60 J/mol.K  
99+
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