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Uranium vs Palladium

Uranium
Palladium
Palladium vs Uranium


Periodic Table
Symbol
U   
Pd   
Group Number
0   
18
10   
8
Period Number
7   
5   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440611   
28
7440053   
99+
Space Group Name
Cmcm   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
63.00   
10
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
  
  • Palladium alloys are used for Jewelry contains (95% Palladium and 5% Ruthenium)
  • In the late 1800s, Palladium metal used have more economical value than the Platinum metal.
  • Palladium element is known as a good catalyst
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Ores of metals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Not Available   
William Hyde Wollaston   
Discovery
In 1789   
In 1803   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %   
29
2 * 10-7 %   
22
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~0.0000003 %   
24
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
36
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
11
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
  • Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
  
  • Mostly palladium metal is used in catalytic converters. In electronic industry it is used in ceramic capacitors of mobile and computer.
  • It is used in jewellery and dental fillings and crowns.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues   
Coinage, Bullion, Jewellery   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,132.00 °C   
39
1,554.90 °C   
22
Boiling Point
3,818.00 °C   
16
2,963.00 °C   
33
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery Gray   
Silver   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00   
6
4.75   
9
Brinell Hardness
2,350.00 MPa   
2
320.00 MPa   
33
Vickers Hardness
1,960.00 MPa   
2
121.00 MPa   
36
Speed of Sound
3,155.00 m/s   
25
3,070.00 m/s   
26
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
1.72   
1
Reflectivity
Not Available   
84.00 %   
4
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
U   
Pd   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
25   
14
38   
1
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.38   
28
2.20   
4
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22   
26
1.35   
21
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.59   
22
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.62   
26
1.80   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol   
99+
520.23 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,420.00 kJ/mol   
99+
7,298.22 kJ/mol   
2
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol   
99+
11,815.13 kJ/mol   
3
4th Energy Level
3,145.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.48 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.99 g/amp-hr   
30
Electron Work Function
3.63 eV   
30
5.12 eV   
3
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
92   
26
46   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2   
[Kr] 4d10   
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Palladium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
92   
26
46   
99+
Number of Neutrons
146   
13
60   
99+
Number of Electrons
92   
26
46   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm   
29
137.00 pm   
40
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm   
14
139.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
186.00 pm   
33
163.00 pm   
40
Atomic Weight
238.03 amu   
21
106.42 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
12.59 cm3/mol   
40
8.90 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Protactinium
  
Rhodium
  
Next Element
Neptunium
  
Silver
  
Valence Electron Potential
170.00 (-eV)   
4
33.00 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm   
99+
389.07 pm   
25
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.10 g/cm3   
17
12.02 g/cm3   
29
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.30 g/cm3   
7
10.38 g/cm3   
17
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
27
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.01 (Pa)   
20
0.00 (Pa)   
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
111.00 GPa   
10
44.00 GPa   
17
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa   
16
180.00 GPa   
9
Young's Modulus
208.00 GPa   
10
121.00 GPa   
16
Poisson Ratio
0.23   
30
0.39   
5
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
18.80   
10
12.02   
21
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
0.28 nΩ·m   
99+
105.40 nΩ·m   
29
Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω   
37
0.10 106/cm Ω   
22
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
54.23 kJ/mol   
17
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.24 J/(kg K)   
23
Molar Heat Capacity
27.67 J/mol·K   
15
25.98 J/mol·K   
33
Thermal Conductivity
27.50 W/m·K   
40
71.80 W/m·K   
23
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
13.90 µm/(m·K)   
27
11.80 µm/(m·K)   
33
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
477.00 kJ/mol   
13
376.60 kJ/mol   
19
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol   
19
16.74 kJ/mol   
18
Enthalpy of Atomization
489.50 kJ/mol   
14
393.30 kJ/mol   
22
Standard Molar Entropy
50.20 J/mol.K   
31
37.60 J/mol.K   
40
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