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Vanadium
Vanadium

Americium
Americium



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Vanadium
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Americium

Vanadium vs Americium

1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
V
Am
1.2 Group Number
5NA
Gadolinium
0 17
1.3 Period Number
47
Lithium
2 7
1.4 Block
d block
f block
1.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Actinide
1.6 CAS Number
74406227440359
Aluminium
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
P63/mmc
1.8 Space Group Number
229.00194.00
Plutonium
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.
  • Americium metal is produced by bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons.
  • Americium metal was discovered as a by-product while testing an atomic bomb (Manhattan Project).
2.2 Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Obtained By Bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Andrés Manuel del Río
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1801
In 1944
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-4 %NA
Thallium
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.00004 %~-9999 %
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
0.01 %NA
Gold
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.02 %NA
Radium
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %NA
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
0.00 %NA
Radium
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
  • Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.
  • Americium metal is used in smoke detection alarms.
  • In the future, this metal has a potential to be used in batteries of spacecrafts.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry
NA
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Toxic
Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
Plutonium
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
1,890.00 °C994.00 °C
Francium
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
3,380.00 °C2,607.00 °C
Flerovium
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Blue-Silver Grey
Silvery White
4.3.3 Luster
Metallic
NA
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
6.70NA
Cesium
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
600.00 MPaNA
Cesium
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
628.00 MPaNA
Palladium
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
4,560.00 m/sNA
Thallium
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
61.00 %NA
Molybdenum
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
V
Am
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
2216
Tennessine
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.631.30
Francium
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
1.39NA
Cesium
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.451.20
Cesium
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
NANA
Cesium
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
1.53NA
Cesium
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.372.70
Gold
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol578.00 kJ/mol
Cesium
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,414.00 kJ/mol1,158.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
2,830.00 kJ/mol2,132.00 kJ/mol
Osmium
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
4,507.00 kJ/mol3,493.00 kJ/mol
Thorium
2780 37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
6,298.70 kJ/molNA
Dubnium
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
12,363.00 kJ/molNA
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
14,530.00 kJ/molNA
Bohrium
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
16,730.00 kJ/molNA
Hassium
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
19,860.00 kJ/molNA
Yttrium
14110 134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
22,240.00 kJ/molNA
Strontium
17100 144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
24,670.00 kJ/molNA
Yttrium
19900 169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
29,730.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum
22219 189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
32,446.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum
26930 76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
86,450.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum
29196 86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
94,170.00 kJ/molNA
Manganese
41987 97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
102,300.00 kJ/molNA
Iron
47206 109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
112,700.00 kJ/molNA
Cobalt
52737 122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
121,600.00 kJ/molNA
Nickel
58570 134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
130,700.00 kJ/molNA
Copper
64702 148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
143,400.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum
80400 171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
151,440.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum
87000 179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
93400 184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
98420 198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
104400 195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
121900 121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
127700 127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
133800 133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
139800 139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
148100 148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
154500 154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.38 g/amp-hr3.02 g/amp-hr
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
4.30 eVNA
Cesium
2.14 5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
2395
Lithium
3 117
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d3 4s2
[Rn] 5f7 7s2
6.3 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
2395
Lithium
3 117
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
28148
Lithium
4 184
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
2395
Lithium
3 117
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
134.00 pm173.00 pm
Beryllium
112 265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
153.00 pm180.00 pm
Beryllium
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm244.00 pm
Zinc
139 348
6.6 Atomic Weight
50.94 amu243.00 amu
Lithium
6.94 294
6.7 Atomic Volume
8.78 cm3/mol17.86 cm3/mol
Manganese
1.39 71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
120.00 (-eV)44.00 (-eV)
Francium
8 392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
303.00 pm346.81 pm
Beryllium
228.58 891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
Beryllium
1.567 1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
6.00 g/cm312.00 g/cm3
Lithium
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.50 g/cm3NA
Lithium
0.512 20
7.2 Tensile Strength
800.00 MPaNA
Indium
2.5 11000
7.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NA0.00 (Pa)
Cerium
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.23 (Pa)NA
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
47.00 GPaNA
Potassium
1.3 222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
160.00 GPaNA
Cesium
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
128.00 GPaNA
Cesium
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
0.37NA
Beryllium
0.032 0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
5.9613.67
Lithium
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Superconductor
Unknown
8.2.2 Resistivity
197.00 nΩ·m0.69 nΩ·m
Thallium
0.18 961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω0.02 106/cm Ω
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
50.60 kJ/molNA
Mercury
0 222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
0.49 J/(kg K)0.11 J/(kg K)
Palladium
0.11 3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
24.89 J/mol·K62.70 J/mol·K
Beryllium
16.443 62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
30.70 W/m·K10.00 W/m·K
Neptunium
6.3 429
9.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium
26.3 3223
9.5 Thermal Expansion
8.40 µm/(m·K)NA
Tungsten
4.5 97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
458.60 kJ/molNA
Zinc
7.32 799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
17.57 kJ/mol14.39 kJ/mol
Cesium
2.1 35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
514.60 kJ/mol268.00 kJ/mol
Mercury
61.5 837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
28.90 J/mol.KNA
Beryllium
9.5 198.1