Radium vs Ytterbium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ra
Yb
Group Number
2
16
Not Available
Period Number
7
6
Block
s block
f block
Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7440144
99+
7440644
26
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
229.00
1
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
- Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
- Ytterbium metal oxidizes rapidly if exposed to air.
- Ytterbium metal can dissolve quickly in Mineral acid.
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Not Available
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
Discovery
In 1898
In 1878
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
2 * 10-7 %
22
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.0000001 %
26
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.00 %
36
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
33
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
37
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
20
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
- It is used in luminous paints.
- Ytterbium metal is used in memory devices and tuneable laser.
- It is also used as industrial catalyst as the other catalysts are too toxic and polluting.
Industrial Uses
NA
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
Other Uses
NA
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
Physical Properties
Melting Point
700.00 °C
99+
824.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C
99+
1,196.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
343.00 MPa
31
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
206.00 MPa
33
Speed of Sound
Not Available
1,590.00 m/s
99+
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ra
Yb
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
33
6
30
9
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.90
99+
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97
38
1.06
33
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.92
20
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
0.89
99+
Not Available
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.10
5
Not Available
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol
99+
603.40 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,174.80 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
2,417.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available
4,203.00 kJ/mol
31
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr
6
2.15 g/amp-hr
25
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
88
30
70
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2
[Xe] 4f14 6s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Ytterbium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
88
30
70
99+
Number of Neutrons
138
16
103
31
Number of Electrons
88
30
70
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
Not Available
176.00 pm
18
Covalent Radius
221.00 pm
3
187.00 pm
20
Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm
4
242.00 pm
12
Atomic Weight
226.00 amu
26
173.05 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol
4
24.79 cm3/mol
9
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)
99+
50.30 (-eV)
27
Lattice Constant
514.80 pm
13
548.47 pm
11
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm3
99+
6.90 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
6.21 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
58.00 MPa
18
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
9.90 GPa
99+
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
30.50 GPa
39
Young's Modulus
Not Available
23.90 GPa
99+
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.21
33
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
5.00
99+
6.97
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
NA
Conductor
Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m
31
0.25 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
0.04 106/cm Ω
38
Electron Affinity
Not Available
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
0.15 J/(kg K)
36
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
26.74 J/mol·K
25
Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K
99+
38.50 W/m·K
35
Critical Temperature
Not Available
26.30 K
7
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
26.30 µm/(m·K)
14
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
128.90 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
7.66 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol
99+
180.00 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K
14
59.90 J/mol.K
21
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